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Accessiou No. AVA^3

Third New Hampshire Flag.- State House Rotunda.

Tmiu) New Hampshike Flags.

i86i l86^

THE

THIRD NEW HAMPSHIRE

AND ALL ABOUT IT.

BY D. ELDREDGE, Captain third New Hampshire vol. inf.

BOSTON, MASS. : Press of E. B. Stillings and Company.

1893

COPYKIGHT, 1893, BY D. ElDUEDCtE.

Ovljis it^olunxE

RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED

STATE OF NEW HAMPSHIRE,

BY THE AUTHOR.

Thv rugged hills, O State ! Are but the types of men Who stood like solid walls

Before the enemy, On many a battle-field.

Thy sturdy sons were they,

A nd nobly duty did perform ;

Nor recke'd they what they risked ;

For their own selves no thought had they :

They only sought for victory.

To thee, New Hampshire, honored State !

To thee, this book I dedicate.

— D. E.

^\A0

AUTHOR'S PREFACE.

HE THIRD NEW HAMPSHIRE! Who shall write its history? AVho shall truthfully depict its battles and bivouacs? Who shall faithfully describe its marches and its camps? Who shall relate, in language bold, its experiences and vicissitudes? Who shall correctly state all its changes of station, of numbers? Who will have the cour- age and assiduity to collect and collate all the multitudinous data ? And who will write the book which shall carry to posterity all that need be known of the Third New Hampshire ?

These and similar questions have agitated, more or less, the various members of the old Third, but more particularly when as- sembled in annual reunion. The question was tossed about, as a ball is tossed, from one to another; but for a long time without result. This one was erratic ; that one was too old ; the other was too young ; another lacked continuity ; another was too outspoken ; another didn't live in the right part of the country, etc., etc.

The informal nominations and rejections and declinations con- tinued from year to year, until John C. Linehan of Penacook, N.H., was requested to write the history. He had the temerity to accept the position. This gentleman seemed eminently qualified, and the boys became hopeful. Comrade Linehan was a prominent member of the original regimental band, and he "knew everybody." Again, he was the leading spirit in the State reunions, and was identified with all Grand Army matters in the State. This gentleman strug- gled more or less with this hydra-headed historical monster for a year or two, and calmly, serenely and formally surrendered at Weirs, at the reunion in August, 1887.

Maj. Wm. H. Trickey had been appointed Historian at one time (date uncertain) ; and he struggled manfully with the subject, but surrendered. Long before this, it having been fully understood that Linehan had practically surrendered, Adjt. Copp and others were

(vii)

viii AUTHOR'S PREFACE.

appointed to assist the Historian ; but it was fully understood that Copp was the man . to undertake the task, and the others would assist. "Now we have him!" said the boys. And it did really seem that they were not mistaken. Adjt. Copp, from his position as Adjutant of the regiment, and by education, was certainly com- petent; and of his perseverance none doubted. His time, too, was supposed to be not wholly occupied, as he was the Register of Probate of Hillsboro' County, residing at Nashua ; and the general impression is that all such positions admit of a little literary work. Well, Comrade Copp struggled with the subject, making no sub- stantial progress, however, and finally ceased his efforts and gracefully laid down his arms at "Weirs on the same day with Comrade Linehan.

A few minutes later, and the writer was appointed ; why, he hardly knows. How did this happen? Well, to make short a long story, it was in this wise : Several of the members of the regiment, residing in and near Boston, were invited to come together for a purely social time, by Lieut. Holt, who by chance was in Boston (from the West) for a short period. He desired to meet his old comrades, and they were indeed pleased to meet him. They met at the Crawford House on the evening of the 21st of October, 1886; and there were present about fifteen of the old Third, including Col. Jackson, Brevet-Maj. Edgerly, Brevet-Brig. -Gen. Donohoe (old Captain of Co. C) and others. During the evening, the subject of the desired regimental history was introduced. By some hocus pocus my name was suggested (how I wish now that the guilty party was known to me !), and after much importunity and flattery, deftly woven together, in my innocence I said "Yes, I'll try." (This was ratified later at the Weirs.) But how I have regretted the decision ! My friends say I have grown gray rapidly since that possibly fatal moment. Having said "I'll try," several questions immediately presented themselves. What form shall it take? What methods shall I pursue to obtain the information desired? How much shall I write? What sort of information shall be excluded? How far shall I go in my researches ? Shall the whole truth be told, regi- mental or individual, or both? In fact, a perfect avalanche of questions came sliding down upon me, in such volume and rapidity as to nearly overwhelm me. When nearly recovered from the first shock, it occurred to me that probably a history arranged something like an almanac would be all that could be desired. I formulated one of this kind and looked at it frequently, filling in important events, till it fairly burst the original bounds (of almanac style) , and

AUTHOR'S PREFACE. ix

its boundaries were undefined. About this time I began reading up (cramming, some call it) all obtainable literature concerning the regiment ; and I discovered that there were already three histories of the old Third : brief, to be sure ; but accounts or narratives they were, and not to be ignored. One was by Maj. Bedel, and pub- lished in one of the monthly magazines. Another was prepared for the Adjutant-General's (N. H.) Report of 1866, Vol. V.; and the third was in a book purporting to give the history of all the New Hampshire troops, and was apparently made up from the material in the first two named. The discovery of these accounts, instead of being discouraging, as might have been supposed, had the opposite effect, /.p., of spurring me on to produce something better. A later question arose, as to what style the history should be written in. Several regimental histories were examined, to assist in arriving at a proper conclusion ; but the more these were examined, the farther away I was from the desired point. No two pursued the same course. Shall I try to be sarcastic? Shall I try to be humorous? Shall I criticise my superior officers? Shall I caustically arraign every officer who lost a battle? Shall I state the fact if any officer or man was court-martialed? If any behaved unseemly in the face of the enemy, shall it be mentioned ? If any officer by stealth and craft raised his rank faster than the regulation speed, shall it be mentioned ? Shall the book be embellished with pictures of battles, of forts, of places? Shall the faces of the officers, and none others, be seen in this book ? Shall all be put in who are willing to pay the extra expense, whether officers or men? and if yes, what shall be the manner of arrangement? Shall it be sold by subscription, and at what price ? These and a thousand other questions filled the breast of the Historian, and that he actually survives is truly wonderful.

Being a firm believer in the value of histories, — assuming that they are correctly written, — the writer was led into a train of thought which produced at its end this : Why should n't the State foster and encourage the compiling and writing of the histories of its regiments, by rendering material aid ? And why should n't the State supply so good a thing to each town and library within its borders ? The more this train of thought was pursued, the more convinced the writer became, that the State would do something in the line indi- cated if the matter was properly brought to its attention. The fact that New Hampshire had done more for its soldiers than many other States, encouraged me to proceed. Measures were taken to accom- plish the desired result. The proposition was favorably considered by the Legislature of 1887, and a bill was passed. (See copy of bill in Appendix C.)

X AUTHOR'S PREFACE.

All those legislators who favored the bill are deserving of the highest commendation ; and it is to be hoped that the results fol- lowing will justify their action and reflect credit upon them, the State and the writers of the several histories. The passage of the bill at once stimulated the desire for regimental histories ; and the probable result will be that all the regiments will be represented by histories at no distant day.

As to the Third New Hampshire, whose history it is my lot to write, my greatest stimulant is the fact that I believe, with many others, that it was one of the best regiments the State sent out. Be it far from me to puff up the regiment to the extent some historians do their particular regiments. It has been my pleasure (?) to read regimental histories that might as well have been written in a single line upon a card, thus : "The 1415th Delaware Regiment conquered the Rebellion. — John Jones, Historian." It is next to impossible for me to condense to that degree or to make up the material, the which, condensed, would read just like the above sample.

Now, as to the scope. Shall what is written be only of the Third New Hampshire, or shall other regiments be mentioned ? In a battle where other regiments were engaged, would it be in good taste or truthful to ignore the presence or assistance of other troops ? Assuredly not. Hence will be found, at frequent intervals, the fact that there were other troops in the army, and that the Third New Hampshire simply joined forces with other regiments, and together the battles were won. As to scope, again. The question arose as to whether it would he politic to confine the matters to Third New Hampshire items — to surround the regiment, as it were, with a Chinese Wall. Long ago the writer decided that he would erect no such wall, but that such matter should be inserted as should not only make it more interesting for a Third New Hampshire soldier and his immediate relatives and friends, but that, to a certain extent, any one desiring to read an account pertaining to the war, might gather, by reading the book, a fairly clear idea of war and its phases, pleasant and unpleasant ; and thus, as some writer has said, " secure a larger circulation."

The writer lays no claim to any considerable degree of educa- tion; neither is he a "literary feller." Hence it follows that as a literary work it will probably be a failure. He did not keep a diary during the war, for which fact he is truly sorrowful ; but he has borrowed several and made good use of their contents.

In the collection of data, valuable assistance has been rendered by large numbers of comrades : and to them, one and all, my thanks

AUTHOR'S PREFACE. xi

are clue, and they are entitled to much credit. The Hj'drographic Officer of Boston rendered aid, too, in placing at my call the U. S. Coast Survey maps of the entire Atlantic coast. The large and valuable library of the Massachusetts Commandery of the Loyal Legion of the U. S., at Boston, Mass., has been of very great use and assistance, it being one of the largest collections of war litera- ture in the country. Several of the officers turned over to me all their official papers, returns, orders, etc. Others have loaned old letters, diaries and parts of diaries, so that the information given can be generally relied upon as correct.

An "Introduction," or, as it is generally termed, "The Author's Preface," usually proves to be an excuse for writing the book at all. Practically he says: "Ah! please excuse me; but I am about to inflict upon you a species of pain, under the guise of pleasure." Having spent so much time, and thought, and labor, upon this work, it does not seem fitting that I should say, " You are about to be pained; go slow !"

Now that the end of the Introduction seems so near, the mind of the writer is moving forward to the point where he will be obliged to begin the work itself ; and he is almost overwhelmed with another set of conundrums like these : Shall the history begin with the Third New Hampshire organized and mustered in, or will he take up the fragments (companies) and carefully place them together, and then set them on their march? Shall I mention a few other events pre- ceding the birth of the Third New Hampshire, and then gradually lead the reader up to the birth of the regiment? Having come to a sudden determination as to what method to pursue, risking much, the Introduction ends right here, and possibly you heave a deep sigh of relief, and at once plunge into the History itself.

DANIEL ELDREDGE.

NOTE TO AUTHOR'S PREFACE.— I.

In arranging the matter for writing up, the writer has found it to be well-nigh impossible to make an arbitrary separation between regimental matter, company matter, and personal experience. He has struggled in vain upon numerous occasions with the problem, and has finally given it up in despair.' Therefore, the matter will be homogeneous, and the reader will be left to say to himself at intervals, — frequently, too, — What has this got to do with the Third New Hampshire? or What has this got to do with a regimental history? or What's he got so much of his personal history injected

xii AUTHOR'S PREFACE.

into this for? The only reply possible to make to these conundrums is, that any writer writes from his own standpoint, relates what he sees, what he knows, what his experience was, and so on ; and it cannot be otherwise. If he was cold and hungry on a certain named occasion, if he saw such and such an event : the relation of these will be only a counterpart, precisely, of what others in same regiment, or same company, or same squad, suffered or saw, as the case may be ; and therein is part and parcel of the regimental whole, therefore not assumptive, not unreasonable ; but the writer fully justified, and ought to be absolved from any charge of intense personality. D. E.

NOTE TO AUTHOR'S PREFACE. — II.

(This note is explanatory — wholly so.)

During the year 1865, while yet in the service (Third Veteran Reserve Corps), I undertook to put on paper a memorandum account of what my military experience had been. I had, among other reasons for so doing : firstly, my time was largely unoccupied ; secondly, I flattered myself that it was a small matter and it could be dashed off in a few days, not using probably more than half a dozen sheets of ordinary paper ; and thirdly, to preserve data while fresh in my mind, which might be of possible value thereafter to myself or family, and would be entirely or at least partially forgot- ten in a few years.

Result : I required many quires of paper, and covered over two or three years' time ere the end was reached ; and it may properly be said of the result, that having been written at the dates named, the matters given in the history of the Third New Hampshire may be fairly relied upon as being free from the defects arising from strains upon memory. This personal history partakes largely of regimental and company matters — and it was impossible to avoid such ; and it may as well be now and here stated that in writing the History of the Third New Hampshire, the personal experiences of the writer, as above named, have been largely relied upon as a basis.

D. E.

NOTE TO AUTHOR'S PREFACE. — III.

Saturday, 28 May 1892, in sheer desperation, but filled with fear and apprehension, I place my manuscript in the hands of the printers. D. E.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.

The Author is under ^reat obligation for assistance of every kind rendered by his comrades, Avithout whose aid this history would have been simply impossible. The comrades generally have responded to calls ; and he desires to assure them, one and all, that he is filled with gratitude for the services rendered and rejoices at the result. Where all have so freely contributed to the great mass required in the preparation of this history, the writer deems it uuAvise to give one credit above another. The follow- ing credits to parties outside of the regiment are inserted and particularized for reasons stated : —

To the Hydrographic Office, Boston, Mass., for use of Coast Survey charts.

To D. C. Wilson (Master Carpenter of the Port Royal Expedition) and H. G. Judd, both of Beaufort, S. C, for aid in producing map of Hilton Head.

To C. L. Webster & Co., Publishers, New York, for use of plates on pages 473 and 599, and Seat of War insert.

To Maj. John Johnson (Confederate) of Charleston, S. C, author of "De- fence of Charleston Harbor," 1890, for use of plates on pages 267, 271, 338, 383-398 and 633.

To Codman & Shurtlefl', Boston, for use of plate on page 1044.

To Wm. A. Snow, Jr., a cadet from Massachusetts, at Naval Academy, Annapolis, Md., for plan of the Academy buildings and grounds.

To J. Harwood Iglehart of Annapolis, Md., Secretary of the Anne Arundel Historical Society, for map of Annapolis.

To the Historian of the Thirteenth New Hampshire "Volunteers, Lieut. S. Millett Thompson of Providence, R. I., for right to use plate on page 83.

To the Adjutant-General of New Hampshire, Gen. Augustus D. Ayling, and his able assistant, Mr. Harry P. Hammond, for needed assist- ance in correcting and completing the multitudinous data insepar- ably connected with the preparation of a regimental history. For prompt responses to every call ; for readiness to assist in many ways, and never-failing courtesy, they are both entitled to much credit.

(xiii)

INSIGNIA, SOCIETY OF THE CINCINNATI.

ERRATA.

[This includes corrections of all kinds, together with omissions, additions and explanations, and is purposely inserted at the beginning of the book rather than at its end, as is customary. — D.E.]

Page

259 " Fred Waters, ," should read " , Baritone."

.')6.S At bottom : Lieut. Brown should read Lieut. Bowen.

658 After the tirst paragraph, add : —

Same day, Gen. Schotield (Headciuarters at Raleigh) ordered Maj.- Gen. Terry with his Tenth Corps and one brigade of Kautz' Cavalry, to occupy Raleigh, Goldsboro' and Fayetteville, and take care of the central part of the State, and that Gens. Palmer and Hawley remain in charge of the Coast Districts, as heretofore.

Our drummers were put to the front (of an audience) on the night of the 6th, at the theatre. A prize drill was the occasion, and the prize was won by Thomas Hennessey of F. This little diversion Avas heightened in interest by the fact that during the day new drums were issued to our "sheepskin fiddlers."

We were nearing the end. Gen. Schofield, on the 10th, in ac- cordance with instructions from Washington, directed the immediate muster-out of all ofticers and soldiers whose terms were to expire before the end of the month ; and on the 10th he directed that de- scriptive lists of all absent men be sent at once to the places they were supposed to be located.

79!) Nathan W. Gove, N. C. S. : add " died 8 Aug. 71, at Concord, N.H."

800 Samuel F. Brown, Band : add " disch. for disability 3 Apr. 62."

801 Geo. E. Johnston, A : add " res'd Avarrant Oct. 61." 804 David H. Newton, A : add " N.H. S.H."

804 H. T. Hatch, A : was disch. 25 Aug. 64, Hilton Head, instead of

" m.o. 23 Aug. 64." 807 Amasa J. Pervier, A : should read " Amasa J. Peavear." 807 James E. White, A : add " to Corpl. 8 March 64 " (was Corpl. at

death). 811 W. S. Marston, B : trans. 18 Oct, 63 to U.S. B.C.

813 James Cavender, B : representative recruit for A. A. Cox of Enfield.

814 Abdalonymus Huntoon, B : wd. 10 July 63 (also page 897).

817 Bryan Costello, C : should read " Bi'yau Castello."

818 P. Killelea, C : add " wd. 18 July 63."

819 Terrence O'Brien, C : strike out " to Corpl. 26 Aug. 64."

825 Barney Quinn, C : add " to Mus. 21 Jan. 64" (was m.o. as Mus.)

826 Joseph W. Akerman, D : should read " enl. 21 May 61."

827 Benj. Brown, D : add " died Oct. 72, Hampton Falls, N.H."

827 Hale B. Dearborn, D : add " died 11 Oct. 65, Richmond, Va."

828 Wm. R. Knowles, D : should read " re-enl. 28 Jan. 64." 828 Robt. E.Foster, D : add " N.H. S.H."

834 Daniel H. Brown, E: record amended by War Dept., and disch. to

date 22 June 63. 841 Patrick Courtney, F : add " furl. May 63, Botany Bay."

841 Joseph A. W. Damon, F: record amended July 93 — "disch. for

disability 18 Nov. 62."

842 Warren Green, F : add " furl. May 63, Botany Bay."

(XV)

xvi ERRATA.

Page 842 Alfred P. Hayden, F : strike out " wd. 30 June 63."

842 G. W. Emerson, F: should read " disch. 25 Oct. 64, Chapin's Farm,

Va."

843 Hiram Pierce, F: add " N.H. S.H."

855 Alrick Evans, G : should read " wd. and m.a. 16 May 64, n.f .r."

856 Horace Joslin, G: should read " to Wagoner," instead of to Corpl."

(m.o. as Wag.) 858 Henry C. Page, H : should read " disch. disability 20 May 63." 861 Timothy Parker, H : should read " disch. disability 20 May 63." 874 James Hines, I : record amended by War Dept., and disch. to date

2 March 25.

880 James F. Johnson, K: record amended by War Dept., and disch. to

date 14 April 64.

881 J. W. Parkinson, K : was disch. with company 23 Aug. 64. 899 P. Killelea, C : add " wounded 18 July G3."

909 Nathaniel Marshall, B : should read " Co. A."

911 Barney Conner, C: should read "Bernard O'Conner."

911 Thos. Coflrey: should read " Thos. Cottay."

915 Joseph Ela, C : should read " Joseph Ely."

918 Chas. Brown, 2d, D : should read " Chas. Brown, 1st."

922 John L. Gerrish, I : should read " George L. Gerrish."

946 Henry Cargain, C : should read " Henry Carrigan."

946 John Campbell, F: should read "James Campbell."

948 Geo. W. Harvey, F : should read " George Harney."

951 George L. Thomas, A : should read " George S. Thomas."

955 Joseph A. W. Damon, F : see page 841, this list.

957 After Thos. Smith should appear: "John H. Thing, transferred to

N.C.S." 997 Maj. W. T. M. Burger : should read " Maj. W. L. M. Burger." 1015 Wm. W. Ballard, G : should read " Wm. W. W. Ballard." 1017 James DeGraw, F : should read " John D. Graw."

1029 The middle of page : Henry Miller was a volunteer recruit and gave

Canada as his birthplace. (Another Henry Miller in F afterAvard : born in Germany, and was a substitute recruit.) See page 1020.

1030 EugeTie Codorath : should read " Eugene Cadorath." 1030 John Kearin : should read "John Rearing."

Band. [Note. — In the several cases where members of the original baud served afterward in the Second Brigade Band, they have not been noted " O.S."]

ILLUSTRATIONS, MAPS, PLANS, ETC.

Battle Flags Frontispiece

Insignia, Society of the Cincinnati xiv

"Woman's Relief Corps Badge xxxi

Fort Sumter, 1861 3

Maj. Robert Anderson 3

Concord, N.H. Map, 8

Style of Cap, Third New Hampshire, 1801 18

Mineola, Long Island Map, 24

" Cooper Shop " Restaurant 27

"A" Tent 33

Corps Badges 34

Annapolis, Md. Map, 38

Naval Academy Map, ><U

Commodore 8. F. Dupont . 48

Port Royal Map, 55

Fort Walker 60

Plan of Naval Attack 60

Steamer Atlantic 61

Port Royal Fight 63

Hilton Head Island Map, 64

Negro Hut 77

Hifton Head, 1864 Map, 80

Pope's, Hilton Head 81

Infantry Regiment Line of Battle 83

Shoulder Straps 84

Hard-Bread, Box of 84

Department Headquarters, Hilton Head 88

Gen. Drayton's, Hilton Head 93

Camp at Hilton Head Plan, 112

Live Oaks, Daufuskie Island 120

Cemetery, Third New Hampshire 128

Edisto Island Map, 143

Fort Pulaski 146

Fort Pulaski Bombardment Plan, 147

Canteen 158

Steamer Planter 161

Cook's Kitchen 162

Grand Army Badge 164

Secessionville (Fort Lamar) 172

James Island Map, 176

Soldier's Cap 185

Important Factors 186

General Hospital Plan, 188

Candle-stick 191

Palmetto 196

Cotton 213

Wall Tent 217

Chevrons, etc 218

(XVli)

xviii ILLUSTRATIONS, ETC.

Page

Magnolia 227

Cheval-de-Frise 227

Soldiers' Tools and Food 229

Trous-de-Loup 230

Turkey Buzzard 230

Knife, Fork and Spoon 236

Cartridge Box 240

Mocking Bird 245

Hats and Caps 248

Musket and Bayonets ......... 250

Camp Kettles Boiling 255

Soldiers' Necessities 256

Alligator 258

Grape Shot 264

Canister 264

Stretcher 264

Fort Sumter, 7 April 1863, showing Effect of Bombardment . 267

Fort Sumter, Plan of • . . . 271

Camp Misei'y, Botany Bay 277

Fig Leaf and Fruit 280

Cook's Headquarters, Botany Bay 282

'Possum . . . . ' 286

Drum 294

Folly Island Batteries 299

Scene at Morris Island, 10 July 1863 301

Siege of Charleston Map, 302

Battery Wagner, 18 July 1863 313

Siege of Morris Island Map, 320

Beacon House, Morris Island 330

Bar Shot 335

Chain Shot 335

Fort Johnson, Plan of 338

Confederate Battle Flag 344

Bomb and Splinter-Proof 348

Battery Wagner at Point of Assault 349

Nevj Ironsides and Monitor 350

Battery Wagner, Sea Front 351

Percussion Bullet 352

Whitworth Ball 353

Confederate Flag 360

Minie Ball ." 364

U.S. Service Bullet 364

Torpedo, Morris Island 369

Swamp Angel 370

Swamp Angel, Trenton, N.J 372

Swamp Angel Tablet 373

Requa Battery (three views) 377

Battery Wagner 383

Fort Sumter after Bombardment 387

Fort Sumter after Bombardment 392

Fort Moultrie Plan, 394

Sea Coast Gun 397

David Torpedo Boat 398

Camp Kettles and Mess Pans 401

Military Telegraph 411

Weehawken 412

Hauling Cannon on Beach 416

Libby Prison 418

Chevrons, " Term" and " War " 422

Raccoon 430

Camp of Company of Cavalry 434

Salisbury Prison . . " 441

ILLUSTRATIONS, ETC. xix

Page

Enfleld Rifle U2

Springfield Rifle U2

Spencer Carbine 442

Shelter Tent 444

Jacksonville to Palatka Map, 445

Steamer North Star 453

American Eagle 455

Mortar 457

Signal Tower 458

Operations of 13, 14, 15, 16 May 1864 .... 3Iap, 464

Defences of Richmond and Petersburg .... Map, 467

Drewry's Blntt", 13 May 1864 469

Wooldridge's Hill, 13 May 1864 470

Bermuda Hundred, Va Map, 473

Works at Burmuda Hundred 483

On Picket 484

Grand Army Pin 484

Pontoon Bridge, Jones' Landing 487

Petersburg, 9 June 1864 Plan, 492

Bermuda Hundred, four camps 504, 505

Drum 508

Rosette, Loyal Legion 514

Bullet Proof 517

Shrapnel Shell 518

Chesapeake Hospital 527

Railroad Bridge, Norfolk & Western R.R 534

Morris Island, September, 1864 536

Butler's Headquarters near Dutch Gap 543

Rifle-Pits 546

Fort Sumter, 1892 551

Oflicers' Swords 554

Army Wagon 558

Cavalry 561

Group (Canteen, Haversack, Cap) 564

Bermuda Hundred, showing new railroad built since the war . 568

Spencer Carbine 571

Mounted Officer 572

Beaufort Harbor, N. C Map, 574

Spencer Carbine (parts enlarged) 576

Musket 577

Fort Fisher, Armament Plan, 592

Fort Fisher, Naval Attack Plan, 595

Fort Fisher, Vicinity of 599

Stockade 605

Fort Fisher, Attack of Naval Column 607

Fort Fisher, Interior 609

Mound Battery 611

Armstrong Gun 614

Fort Sumter, February, 1865 633

Wilmington, N. C, 22 Feb. 1865 638

Last Engagement (North-East Ferry) 639

Badge of Loyal Legion 643

Causten's House 645

Location of Camp 646

Marine Hospital 646

Court House 647

Old Jail 652

City Hall 653

Old House 654

A Day Oft' 662

North Carolina Campaign Map, 664, 665

Arrangement of Stars in Flag 668

XX ILLUSTRATIONS, ETC.

Page

Canteen G75

Stacked Arms 677

Seat of War 3Iap, 680

Sons of Veterans' Badge 888

Gillmore Medal 1014

Hospital Steward's Chevrons 1026

Military Execution Plan, 1033

Draft Rendezvous 1038

Third New Hampshire Building at the "Weirs .... 1041

Headquarters Building at the Weirs 1042

Tourniquet 1044

•' Sing it as we used to sing it," etc. . . . . • . 105.5

LIST OK PORTRAITS.

Avi:k, Henry H. .

Al.I.KX, HoHERT H.

Atheuton, Arlon S. Akerman, J. Warren

Ahbott, Joseph C, Gen Bedel, John

BUTTERFIELD, WeLBEE

BuRNHAM, Charles S. Bingham, George B. BowEN, Edwln N. BuzzELL, Andrew J. H Burnham, Charles A. Brown, D. Arthur

Berry, Nathaniel S., Go\ Clark, Rufus F. . Cody, Walter Corp, Elrridge J. (2)

Colby, Anthony, Adjt.-Gen. Dunbar, Charles F. DoNOHOE, Michael T Dodge, William Ladd Donley, Michael P. (2) Ela, Richard Edgerly-, J. Homer (2) Eldredge, Daniel Fellows, Enoch Q. Fogg, Andrew J. . Gorman, Cyrus Graham, John G. .

GiLLMORE, QUINCY' A., GeN.

Gilmore, Joseph A., Gov. Handerson, Henry C. Hill, Henry . Healey% George W. (2) Houghton, Ruthven W. Holt, Marquis L.

Head, Natt, Ajdt.-Gi'

Hawley, Joseph R., Gen.

Hunter, David, Gen. Ingalls, Gustavus W. Jackson, John H. Jackman, Lemuel N. Jackson, Thomas M. LiBBY, Alvan H. . LiNEHAN, John C. Maxwell, William H.

Page 1008 888 656 1008 152 192 616 480 784 656 976 976 408

16 224 888 272

16 224 888 784 272 712 712 712, 720 192 224 520 520

48

32 584 1008 520 792 584

32 152

48 616 192 584 784 976 352 1008

(xxi)

xxii MST OF PORTRAITS.

Page

Marsh, Henky A 480

MoRKiLL, Frank L 784

MiTCHEL, Ormsby McK., Gen 48

Nesmith, Arthur S 888

Plimpton, Josiah 1 584

Parker, John M 656

Randlett, James F 480

Sherman, Thomas W., Gen. 48

Strong, George C, Gen 88

Sfa-mour, Truman, Gen 152

Smyth, Frederick, Gov 32

Sanborn, Peter, State Treas 16

Thompson, John H. . 656

Trickey, William H 616

Terry, Alfred H., Gen 88

Tenny, Allen, Sec. of State 16

ViELE, Egbert L., Gen. 88

Wadlia, Andrew J 224

Woodbury, Roger W. (2) 792

Wadsworth, David, Jr 480

White, Charles A 792

CONTENTS.

Page

Dedicatory v

Author's Preface vii

Acknowledgments xiii

Errata xv

List of Illustrations, Maps, etc xvii

List of Portraits . xxi

AUCxUST, 18G1, AND PRIOR.

War Preparation — Fort Sumter — First New Hampshire Volunteers

— Second New Hampshire Volunteers — Third New Hampshire Volunteers — The Pay — The Bounty — The Companies — Their Arrival — The Band — Gen. Sherman — Mustered In — Daily Items, August, 1861 —Supplement 1

SEPTEMBER, 1861.

The Cost of the Regiment — Its Composition — Concord to Long Island — Camp at Miueola — Visiting Hempstead — Camp Life on Hempstead Plains — Long Island to AVashington (in haste)

— Camp near Congressional Cemetery — Visited by the Presi- dent — War Alarms — War Preparations — Flag Presentation

— Supplement 19

OCTOBER, 1861.

Washington to Annapolis — Hard Floors in Academy Buildings — Change to Tents on Banks Severn River — Flag Presentation

— Steamers Appear in Harbor — Preparations to Embark — Embarked on the Atlantic — Fog and Storm- — Start for For- tress Monroe — Arrive there — The Fleet Assembling — Paid Oft" — Final Preparations — Fleet Leaves for Port Royal — The Storm — Supplement 35

NOVEMBER, 1861.

The Storm — Sea Incidents in a Storm — Casualties — The Fleet Arrives oft' Hilton Head — The Fight Described — A Man Dies on Shipboard — The Troops Land — On Land in Secessia — New Camp — Cotton Rows levelled — Landing of Stores and Ammunition — Camp Life in South Carolina — Intrenchments begun — Frequent Glimpses into Secessia — The Belcidere ar- rives— Thanksgiving Day — Supplement 53

DECEMBER, 1861.

Tybee Examined — Flag of Truce — Heavy Details — Pinckney Island Foraged — Troops leaving Hilton Head — Brigade Band formed

— Maj. Bedel reads President's Message from a barrel- — An Officer Resigns (first) — The Liquor Question — Stone Fleet Sunk ofi" Charleston — Sherman's Despatches to War Depart- ment— Christmas — Eclipse of Sun — Maj. Bedel leaves with Forty-seventh New York — Supplement 85

(xxiii)

CONTENTS.

JANUARY, 1862.

Page

Skirmish at Port Royal Ferry — General Conrt-Martial ordered — A Recruiting Party goes North — Sweet Briar Pipes — New (blue) Uniforms — March to Seabrook — A Thief — A New York Officer Resigns — ^ General Viele scores him — A Balloon — Work in Intrenchments — A Board of Survey — Troops arrive and Troops leave Hilton Head — The first New Commission arrives — Capt. Donohoe, witli part of Co. C, detailed ^ — The Watch Fever — Supplement 95

FEBRUARY, 1862.

Drill, Dig ; Drill, Review — Mail — Glances into Secessia — Paid Oft" — The Chaplain sends large sums home for the men — Our Color-Bearer dies — Washington's Birthday — Troops and War Vessels leave Hilton Head — The Troops reorganized — Supplement 105

MARCH, 1862.

Express Despatch Boats established — Modes of Punishment for minor off"ences — The Liquor Question again — Frequent Deaths — Light Snow Storm — To Daufuskie — To Bird Island

— The Savannah — ' ' Load ! " first time — Excitement — Return to Hilton Head — Capt. Carlton goes North on leave — "The New- South" born — St. Patrick's Day — To Bluft'ton — -Savage Island — Bull Island — Cattle Killing — Plunder generally — Regimental Picnic — Return to Hilton Head — The Chaplain appointed Postmaster — Supplement 115

APRIL, 1862.

All Fool's Day — Capt. Littlefield left — To Edisto — A Wearisome March -^ Picket Duty - — The Island in general — Negroes come in — Pulaski Taken — The Story of Pulaski — Capt. Wiggin and Adjt. Hill Resign — Reconnoissance to Jehossee Island — A comrade kills a comrade by accident — Col. Fellows goes on leave — Supplement 139'

MAY, 1862.

Death Sentence read on parade — Allotment Commission visit us — The Recruiting Party arrives from New Hampshire — Gen. Hunter Frees the Slaves — Promotions — The Planter — Sur- plus Baggage to the Landing — Troops to be Organized — Ready to Move — Supplement 151>

JUNE, 1862.

To John's Island — Promotions — Long and Tedious March — .Bivouac

— Crossing John's Island — Legareville — To James Island — Rebels near — Sorties — Battle of Secessionville — The Dead

— The Wounded — Battle Scenes and Incidents — Troops Re- organized— Guns Mounted — Capt. Dow Resigns — Preparing

to Evacuate — Supplement 165

JULY, 1862.

Return to Hilton Head — Fourth of July — Hospital Life — The Com- panies Scattered to outposts — Outpost Duty — Capt. Donohoe and Lieut. Langley resign — Supplement 187

CONTENTS. XXV

AUGUST, 18G2.

Page

Outpost Duty continned — Rebel Ram expected — Three men of Co. 11 desert — Sickness at Jenkins Island — Co. H Captured — Full Account of same — Regiment Concentrated — Baud to be Mustered Out — Lieut. Thompson Dies — Supplement . . 195

SEPTEMBER, 1862.

Gen. Hunter left Department — Quartermaster Nesmith goes on leave

— Dr. Buzzell and Dr. Farrar arrive — Capt. Allen arrives with Recruits — Promotions — Gen. Mitchel arrives — Supplement . 211

OCTOBER, 1862.

Dr. Eaton leaves — Brigade Reorganized — Special Muster — Capt. Emmons and Lieut. Libby, Jr., obtain leaves — Negro Church Dedicated — Promotions — Cos. A and I rejoin Regtment from Provost Duty — Regimental Roster of Officers — To Pocotaligo and Return — The Fight there — Captured Blockade Runners

— Yellow Fever — Gen. Mitchel and others die — Supplement . 219

NOVEMBER, 1862.

Battery Mitchel, near Seabrook — The Companies go there on Weekly Tours — Music at Funerals Forbidden —Fire Brigade Organ- ized at Hilton Head — Thanksgiving Day — Whiskey Regula- tions — Supplement 231

DECEMBER, 1862.

Lunt, of Ninth Maine, Shot for Desertion — Price of Clothing, etc.

— Co. E to Pinckney Island and return — Troops of Banks' Expedition on Shore — Capt. Randlett obtains leave — Quar- termaster Nesmith discharged — The Monitor sunk — Sup- plement 237

JANUARY, 1863.

Lumber Expedition to Florida — New Meeting House — Expedition Unsuccessful — Gen. Hunter arrives — New Commissions arrive

— Attempt to Regulate Sutlers — Snow Squall — Bayonet Exer- cise described — Rebel Rams attack Blockading Fleet oflF Charleston — Foster's Troops arrive in Harbor — Burnt Cork Talent — The Liquor Question — Regular Army deserter rec- ognized— "Fuss Souf" — Supplement 2-11

FEBRUARY, 1863.

Officers' Wives arrive — Capt. Wilbur's Sentence — Hilton Head almost acity — A Board to sit on Officers — That Regular Army Deserter — Six Companies to Pinckney Island — One Company to Pope's — One Company on Provost— Two Companies remain

— Life on Pinckney Island — ]Maj. Plimpton goes on leave —

' ' Get ready ! " — Packing Up — Packed and Ready — Supplement 249

MARCH, 1863.

Rebel Steamer Nashville captured — Unpacking — The new Second Brigade Band arrives — -Capt. Butterfield Discharged — Town Meeting — Short of Officers — Reconnoissance up May River — Boat Racing — St. Patrick's Day — A Serenade Band — Arrival of New Companies — Troops Departing — " Get Ready! " — All Packed Up — Supplement 257

CONTENTS.

APRIL, 1863.

Page

Packed Up aud Ready — More Troops arrive — Extra Rations issued

— Accident to Capt. Allen — We Embark — Organization of Forces — The Regiment arrives at Stono Inlet — The Attack on Sumter by the Irou-clads — The Ironsides' Danger — Pres. Lin- coln's Private Secretary arrives — Regiment lands on Folly — Woodticks — Preparations to Stay — Embark again for Hilton Head — Wilful Appropriation of our "camp flxin's " — Again in Camp — Start again Charleston-vi'ard — Reorganization — Paid Ofl" — Lieut. Hopkins discliarged — Eight Companies land at Botany Bay Island — Two Companies finally land at Bay Point — Plundering Expeditions — Supplement .... 265

MAY, 1863.

Mail — Strawberries — Plunder — Clearing up "Camp Misery" — Furloughs — Capt. Maxwell and Lieut. Wadsworth go on leave

— Sunday Plunder ■ — The Furloughed Men start for Home — Blackberries — Confederate Despatch — Commissions arrive

— Pack Up again — Supplement 281

JUNE, 1863.

Again we Embark — Land at St. Helena Island^ The Two Com- panies Rejoin — Troops Concentrating at St. Helena Island — Drill, drill, drill ! — Confederate Despatch — Capt. Maxwell and Lieut. Wadsworth return from leave — Gen. Hunter relieved by Gen.'Gillmore — Admiral Dupont relieved by Admiral Dahlgren

— St. Helena described — Capt. Wilbur's Dismissal Approved

— The Rebel Ram Fingal captured — Gen. Geo. C. Strong arrives — Severe Thunder Storm — New Commissions arrive — Lieut. Smith resigns — The Furloughed Men return — Requa Battery — Small-pox — Getting Ready for New Move — Sup- plement 287

JULY, 1863.

Lieut. Libby goes on Leave — We Start Again for Charleston — Lieut. Flande^-s discharged — Land on Folly Island — Embark at Night for Morris — Mistake somewhere — The Troops in Boats rerurn — Again we take small boats at night — The Capture of lov.er end Morris Island — The Fight described — Casualties — Incidents — Attempt to take Wagner next morning — Earth- works— Fatigue duty — Hungry and Worn Out — Preparations to take Wagner — Second Assault (full particulars of same)

— Casualties, etc. — Flags of Truce — A Detail starts North for Conscripts — Siege Operations — Lieuts. Akerman and Place discharged — The Regiment at the Fore-front — Sup- plement 295

AUGUST, 1863.

•Gillmore requests Rebels to stop shelling our Camp — Rebels ordered to put Spikes in Wagner's moat — Reinforcements from North Carolina — Capt. Payne, the Scout, captui'ed — Whiskey issued — Mounting a 300-pounder — How Col. Jackson was misrepresented — Long Roll — Calcium Light — Preparations for Extra Bombardment — The Rebels otter large sums to Sink Iron-clads — Sanitary Commission — Order of Exercises for 17th August — The " Swamp Angel" — A Peculiar Grain to be planted in front of Wagner — The 300-pounder opens — The Bricks fly — Impracticable Proposition to Capture Gen. Gillmore — The " Swamp Angel " bursts — The " Ridge " cap- tured— -Capt. Ayer wounded — Danger and Death at the Front

— Sub terra shells — The Forces on Morris Island — Confeder- ate Letters from Fort Sumter — Supplement .... 345

CONTEXTS. xxvii

SEPTEMBER, 1863. P^g^

The Bombardment continues — The Sap rapidly approaching Wagner

— Boat-load of Rebels Captured — The Beginning of the End — Last Days of the Siege — The Rebels Desperate — Preparations for Final and Desperate Assault — The Rebels Evacuate — Full Particulars of same — Torpedoes — The Parallels — "Swamp Angel" — Greek Fire — Sapping — Sap-i-oUers. Fascines, Gabi- ons, etc. — Requa Battery — Sand Bags — Dead Bodies — Few Days prior to Evacuation — Progress of the Sap — Last Days of Siege — Evacuation in Full — Defence of "Wagner — Siege Work

— Statistical — Night attack on Sumter — Flags of Truce — Short of Officers — Provost Duty — High Tides — More Furloughs — Capts. Emraous and Handerson discharged — Capt. Ayer goes on leave — Gillmore a Major-General — A Soldier Dies Avith the Flag around him — Supplement 3G1

OCTOBER, 1863.

(The narrative form resumed) — Incendiary Shells — Two "Devils" arrive — Sharpshooters Disbanded — Torpedo versus Ironsides

— Explosion in Wagner — Official Changes in Positions in line

— Dr. Buzzell returns from leave — New Tniforms for Drum Corps — Medals to be given — Convalescent Camp established

at St. Augustine — Supplement 399

NOVEMBER, 1863.

The Bombardment goes on — Sumter looks badly — Capt. Ayer returns from leave — He "knifes "his whole company — Two Ladies visit camp — More Furloughs — Liquid Fire — Long Roll — First lot "Subs" arrive — Capt. Clark and others rejoin — Col. (ex- Capt.) Donohoe with us — Troops reorganized — Thanksgiving Day — Supplement 405

DECEMBER, 1863.

A Salute for Victories — Col. Donohoe leaves us — The Weehavken sunk — Capt. Burnham discharged — Scarcity of Wood — Chap- lain Hill returns from leave — Wreckage — Torpedo Boat — Cos. A and C to Broad Island to cut wood — Recruiting Party sent North — Dr. Kimball returns — Cider from Dried Apples — Capt. Stearns rejoins — The Beacon House — Lieut. Libby, Jr., returns — Co. K to Broad Island — Supplement . . . 413

JANUARY, 1864.

Location of the Companies — Re-enlistments Begun — Gillmore author- ized to raise Colored Regiments — Col. Jackson returns — Recruits arrive — Ncav Commissions — Hotel Prices, Hilton Head — Broad Island — A Quiet Month — Supplement . . 419

FEBRUARY, 1864.

Blockade Runner Destroyed- — Furloughs Stopped — Long Roll — Re- enlisting continues — Rebel Torpedoes — Snow — Charleston and Shells — Regiment to be Mounted — Ordered to Hilton Head — Cos. A, C and K — Embark again — Supplement . . . 427

MARCH, 1864.

Camp for Cavalry — The Re enlisted Men go Home — Infantry versus Cavalry — The Horses Selected — The Chaplain assists in select- ing— A Confusion of Horses — Cavalry Drill — Bugles versus Drums — Spencer Riffes — Rebel Spy at Hilton Head — Paid Oft" ^ — Move Camp — The Rebel, Finegan — Lieut. Head discharged

— Supplement . . . . • 433

xxviii CONTENTS.

APRIL, 1864. Page

Ordered to Florida — Embarkation — The Fleet leaves for Florida — Jacksonville reached — Camp outside the city — Four Compa- nies sent to Palatka — They go Ovei'land and soon return — Several Substitutes desert — A fev^^ Caught — Drum Head Court- martial — One Man Shot — Less Desertions — ^ Steamer Blown Up — Ordered to Virginia — Turn in our Horses — Embark for Hilton Head — Part with Worn-out Equipage — Change Steamers — Sail North to Virginia — Arrive oft' Yorktown

— Land at Gloucester Point • — Meet our Re-enlisted Men — A Re- united Regiment — As Infantry once more — Supplement . 443

MAY, 1864. Getting Ready for Active Duty — Embark to go up James River — Land at Bermuda Hundred — The enemy close at hand — Skirmishes — Reconnoissance — The Drewry's Bluff" Battle — Scenes — Incidents — Casualties — Movements of Troops — Quo- tations from Accounts of Both Sides — Return to Camp — Bogus Proclamation — Frequent Fights — Artillery Duels — Move Camp

— Troops sent to North of the James — Supplement . . . 459

JUNE, 1864. Rebel Sortie — They Capture part of Picket Line — Federal Sortie — They Retake the Picket Line — -Both Sorties result in Pris- oners— Flag of Truce — The One Hundred Days' Men arrive

— They are Funny Fellows — A Small Force to near Petersburg

— Return same day — Expedition Fruitless — Butler censures Gillmore — The Rebels Evacuate our Front — We go out to find them — We find each other — A fight — We fall back — They Reoccupy their Former Line — A Glance at South Caro- lina— We go down the River — Dust, Dust, Dust — Return same day — Troops Reorganized — The Serenade Band ex- humed— Supplement 489

JULY, 1864. Transportation Reduced — A Peep into the Department of the South

— A Fourth of July Salute — Whiskey again Permitted — Attempt to Exchange Papers — Three days Picket Duty — The Tour described— Corps Badge designated — The Petersburg Mine mentioned — Supplement 509

AUGUST, 1864. Exchange in South Carolina — Terms soon to expire — When will the 1861 men be mustered out? — Will the Regiment lose its Iden- tity?— Volunteers called for "to dig and remove earth " — A Twenty-fourth Massachusetts man executed — The Second Brig- ade Band to be recruited — A Ride to Petersburg — Active Operations again — March to Pontoon • — Cross the James River

— Many Sunstruck — Fighting — Casualties — Incidents of the Battle — The Wounded — Burial of the Dead — Many Ofticers Wounded — The Wounded Gathered under Trees — Transported down river to Hospitals — Official Report — Marching and Skir- mishing— Crossing a Pontoon described — Arrive back to Camp

— The "Muster-out of the 1861 Men — Festivities —They go home — Regiment ott'for Petersburg — New Experiences in New Camp — Supplement 515

SEPTEMBER, 18G4. In Front of Petersbarg — A Bomb-proof built — Const.ant Alarms — Near the Enemy — A Sixth Connecticut man drummed out — A Sutler arrives — "Petersburg Express" — Capt. Dow goes North for Recruits — Dr. Burnham Discharged — Active Ser- vice again — The Regiment starts — Fighting again — Ofticial ^ Report — Supplement 533

CONTENTS. xxix

OCTOBER, 1864.

Page

War Alarms — Again Engaged — Wet, Wet, Wet ! — The Sutler arrives

— More Fighting — Official Report — Paid Oft' — Again in Action

— Official Report — Works thrown up — " Picking them out " — Snow Squall — A Tilt with the I<>nemy — Official Report — Rest- ing— Supplement 541

NOVEMBER, 1804.

At the Front and Quiet — Regiment to go to New York City — Arrive New York Harbor — Land at Fort Richmond — Near but far (from comfort) — The Ballot to be Protected — Butler's Orders — Presidential Election — Lincoln versus McClellan — Border Incursions planned — The P^lection in New York quiet — We Return to Virginia — Thanksgiving Pay — Turkeys, etc., ar- rive next day — But they were good — Logging for Material to Build — A Peep into the Department of the South — New Drums — Supplement 555

DECEMBER. 1864.

Erecting Houses — Tenth and Eighteenth Corps Discontinued — Tenth Corps forms part of the ncAv Twenty-fourth Corps — Butler Forbids Officers BorroAving Money from Men — Again on the Move, — A live Rebel captured — Flying trip to Department of the South — Sherman's Forerunners — Fort McAllister Suc- cumbs— Sherman Arrives at Port Royal — First Expedition to Fort Fisher starts — Deserter Caught — A Shooting Match and a Dead Man — Lieut. -Col. Randlett goes North — He takes Lieut. -Col. Plimpton's body with him — Christmas — New Hampshire State Officers visit Regiment — Savannah Fallen — The Fort Fisher Expedition returns, unsuccessful — Supple- ment 565

JANUARY, 1865.

New Year's Day — Recruits — Regiment (a part of) to go to Fort Fisher — Oft' for the Fray — Embarkation— Storm and Wind — Delays — Finally arrive off Fort Fisher — The Fleet — The Landing — The Assault— The Fort itself — The First Expe- dition brietly described — The Powder Boat Explosion — Fort Fisher Captured — Official Reports — Scenes and Incidents — Almost Hand-to-Hand Conflict — Difi'erent Accounts of the Battle — Butler Relieved — The Explosion — Forward toward Wilmington — Another Engagement — Supplement . . . 573

FEBRUARY, 1865.

Col. Bedel Expected — Lieut. Hitchcock Returns from Ncav York — Rumors of Peace — Schofleld's Corps arrives — Again we Engage the Enemy — Several Prisoners taken by Third New Hampshire — Capt. Trickey's Report — Other Movements in Contemplation — A Storm Delays Matters — The Boys we left in Virginia arrive — Arming the New Arrivals — Charleston Evacuated — Fort Anderson on Cape Fear River Bombarded —

CONTENTS.

FEBRUARY, 18(55, Continued.

Page

The Troops move Forward Again — Wilmington Captured — Detailed Account of same — Tom Entwistle's Greeting — His Story of Capture, Imprisonment and Escape — A Bridge Saved from Burning — A Pontoon Captured and used — Ten Thousand Prisoners Paroled by the Rebels — Several Third Ncav Hamp- shire among the number — Supplement G29

MARCH, 1865.

Six Hundred Cnion Officers arrive, Exchanged — Our own Varnum H. Hill of the number — " Sherman's March to the Sea" heard — We go to Wilmington — Lieut. -Col. Randlett appointed Provost Marshal — Recruits Arrive — The Twenty-third Army Corps leave Wilmington — A Theatre — Provisions for Sherman — Firing in the Distance — Large Fire in Wilmington — Sick and Wounded go North — Dr. Buzzell dies — Supplement . . 645

APRIL, 1865.

Rebel Rations — Troops Arrive from Hilton Head — Paid for Four Months — The Usual Result- — News arrives of Fall of Rich- mond— Regiment on Duty in Small Squads — Col. Bedel and Lieut. Atherton arrive — The Restoration of the Flag to Sumter

— The President Assassinated — Citizens of Wilmington hold Mass Meeting — Attorney-General's Opinion — Supplement . 651

MAY, 1865.

Short of Officers — The End Nearing — Worn-out Property turned in

— Our Drummers Compete for Prize — Certain Officers and Men to be Mustered Out at once — More Furloughs — Prepara- tions for Muster-out — Camp at Concord, N. H., ordered to be ready to receive Returning Troops — Regiment Decimated and Divided — Supplement 658

JUNE, 1865.

Certain Men to be Mustered Out — Secretary of Navy arrives — Joke about him — Regiment ordered to Goldsboro' — Goldsboro's Sanitary Condition — Capt. Donley appointed Provost Marshal

— More Preparations for Muster-out — Whiskey Disappears — Reduced to Ranks — Parade and Drills — The Recruits of 1862 Mustered Out — Masonic Festival and Dinner — Extra Baggage arrives from Norfolk — Lieut. -Col. Randlett Rejoins — Supple- ment 663

JULY, 1865.

An Amputation — Fire and Riot at Goldsboro' — Fourth of July — Capt. Edgerly Rejoins — Battalion Drill ordered — The End rapidly Approaching — Final Rolls being made — A Circus arrives — Capt. White Rejoins — Mnatered Out ! — A Lost Tent

— Start for Concord — Details of the Homeward Trip — Recep- tion at Concord — The Returning Regiment Described — Pay- master not ready to settle — Nominal Furloughs . . . 669

AUGUST, 1865.

The Regiment Reassembled at Concord — Paid Off by Maj. C. 0.

Benedict — Good-bye, Comrades ! 677

CONTENTS.

Biographical Sketches .... Soldiers' Homes (National, U. S. and State)

Kegimextal Roster

Enlistments Less than Three Years Tables (Wounded, Died of Wounds, etc.) .

Officers' Data

Wars of the United States Soldiers' Homes (Tliird New Hampsliire Men in Military Societies of the United States Appendix A (Miscellaneous Subjects) Appendix B (Trials, Desertions and Executions) Statistical (from " Fox's Regimental Losses") Appendix C (New Hampshire Matters) Battles, List of ... . . .

Regimental Summary

Index

Page
679-795
796
797-888
888
889-961
961-963
963
96-1-967
968
969-1026
027-1036
1036
037-10-15
1046
1047
1049

WOMAN'S RELIEF CORPS BADGE.

1861

				Calendar,	1861.
	M	>> §	1 H	1 I	3	i E	1 1 CO		1 1	>>	1	1	3	1	1
JAN....			1	9	3	4	5	JULY...		1	2	8	4		fi
	6	7	8	9	10	11	12		7	8	9	10	11	12	13
	13	14	15	16	17	18	19		14	15	16	17	18	19	20
	20	21	22	23	24	25	26		21	22	23	24	25	26	27
	97	?<f^	?n	30	31				98	99	80	31
FEB...						1	?,	AUG...					1	9	3
	3	4	5	6	7	8	9		4	5	6	7	8	9	10
	10	11	12	13	14	15	16		11	12	13	14	15	16	17
	17	18	19	20	21	22	23		18	19	20	21	22	23	24
	24	25	26	27	28				25	26	27	28	29	80	31
MARCH						1	^
	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	SEPT. .	1	2	3	4	5	6	7
	10	11	12	13	14	15	16		8	9	10	11	12	13	14
	17	18	19	20	21	22	23		15	16	17	18	19	20	21
	24	25	26	27	28	29	30		22	23	24	25	26	27	28
	31								29	30
APRIL .		1	2	8	4	5	6	OCT...	....		1	2	3	4	5
		8	9	10	11	12	13		6	7	8	9	10	11	12
	14	15	16	17	18	19	20		13	14	15	16	17	18	19
	21	22	23	24	25	26	27		20	21	22	23	24	25	26
	28	29	30						27	28	29	30	31
MAY...				1 8	2 9	3 10	4 11	NOV. ..						1 8	2 9
	5	6	7		3	4	5	6	7
	12	13	14	15	16	17	18		10	11	12	13	14	15	16
	19	20	21	22	23	24	25		17	18	19	20	21	22	23
	26	27	28	29	30	31			24	25	26	27	28	29	30
JUNE							1 8
	2	3	4	5	6		DEC. ..	1	2	3	4	5	6	7
	9	10	11	12	13	14	15		8	9	10	11	12	13	14
	16	17	18	19	20	21	22		15	16	17	18	19	20	21
	23	24	25	26	27	28	29		22	23	24	25	26	27	28
	30								29	30	31

THIRD NEW HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT.

AUGUST, 1861,

AND PRIOR.

P2F0KE bringing the reader face to face with the Third New Hampshire, the writer deems it best to go back a little in history, and lead the reader by easy gradations up to the time when the Third New Hampshire was organized, then organize the regiment, putting it into proper shape for introduction : and thus perhaps prevent the reader having possible convulsions at the sudden presenta- tion of so formidable a body as a regiment of infantry. To do this — to go backward — does not necessitate that the causes of the war shall be discussed or explained. Books, newspapers, magazines and libraries teem with all that sort of reading, and are accessible to almost everybody. It was a great query in the writer's mind as to the exact point or date to begin at ; but in searching for it he found many other matters of great interest, and at last struck the point desired : and here is the first speck of war found by him : —

A SPECK OF WAR AT HOME. [MiUtari/ Gazette, New York, 15 Nov. I860.] .... There is a note of preparation against some foe in our own bor- ders. The Southern States are actuallj' organizing and arming their militia. And for what reason? Against their own brothers, and against no others, can their weapons be wi-elded. God forbid that things have come to such a pass ! We hope prudent and wise counsels will prevail, that men iriU stop to count the cost and value of this Union, and that unneighborly violence

win cease on every hand How shall we decide? We cannot, we

shall not ! God will not permit this great experiment in the government to be frustrated just as its fruits begin to cheer benighted Italy and down- trodden Hungary.

This " speck" was found in what appeared to be the only mili- tary magazine in the country at the time, and was principally devoted to the militia of the vState of New York. Having found this •' speck," the writer traced the magazine along for further development ; and here is the very next : —

2 THIRD NEW HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT. [Aay. '61.

WAR PREPAKATIONS.

^Military Ilagazhie, New York, 15 Dec. I860.]

The attention of Avhom it maj' concern is called to the accompanying advertisement in the Herald, which Ave have not been requested to copy: —

"Attention! Tlie captains of all volunteer companies in the city of New York .... communicate with the undersigned at No. 74 Mott street, .... for purpose of perfecting a military organization to protect the municipal rights of the city and the Constitutional rights of the citizens of the country, in the event of a revolution in the country

New York, 10 Dec. 18G0. James C. Kerrigan."

What does this mean? Is this an attempt to hasten revolution .... we may look out for the worst. It will do no harm to be prepared.

All this occurred soon after the election of Lincoln, and was sub- stantially in accordance with what had been predicted.

The writer asks j^our kind indulgence while he goes backward again and gives j^ou another "pointer." Moore's Rebellion Record^ Vol. VIII., page 598, gives the following as being the copy of a cir- cular found in Hnntsville, Alabama, on the 19th of April, 1864, and calls it the " Secret Rebel Circular" : —

EXECI'TIVE CHAMBER, "THE 1860 ASSOCIATION."

Charleston, S. C, 10 Nov. 1860. In September last several gentlemen of Charleston met to confer in reference to the position of the South in the event of the accession of Mr. Lincoln and the Republican party to power. This informal meeting was the origin of the organization known in this community as the " 18G0 Asso- ciation."

1. To conduct a correspondence .... and prepare the slave States to meet the impending crisis.

2. To prepare, print and distribute in the slave States, tracts, etc

3. To inquire into the defences of the State .... one hundred and sixty-six thousand pamphlets have been published ....

The 1860 Association is laboring for the South, and asks your aid ... " Robert N. Gourdin,

Gh. Ex. Com.

The writer has no comment upon the above, except to say that finding it in a respectable and popular work on the war, he deems it not a figment of fancy. We pass hastily over the intervening months of intense anxiety and alarm, the secession of States and the inauguration of Lincoln, pausing only to give an item of "preparation." Before the close of 1860, Fortress Monroe, then popularly called the Fortress of the Union, was renovated and made 'ready for what might be expected; but as to who gave the orders for this renovation, or what motives were behind the order, is an open question and not for the writer to even express an opinion upon. When the renovations were completed, the fort had about 290 guns. The Rip Raps were also put in condition, and then had 108 8-inch Columbiads, 52 13-pounder guns, all in casemate, and 46 9-inch Columbiads, enharbette.

We are now practically at the opening of the war, at Fort Sumter; and what Third New Hampshire man will not feel some-

Aurf. '61.']

THIRD NEW HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT.

what excited at the thought of Fort Sumter? This being the case, considerable space will be given to it and its war record. The opening gun has been treated elsewhere, and also the first sand

FORT SUMTER IX

battery, on Morris Island, that fired at the Harriet Lane. Much has been said and written as to Major Anderson's surrender of the fort — some in praise, much in censure. Facts are \QYy mulish. The following is a copy of

ANDERSON S INSTRUCTIONS.

You are carefully to avoid every act wliich would needlessly tend to provoke aggression : and for that rea- son you are not, without necessity, to take up any position which Avould be construed into the assumption of a hostile attitude. But you are to hold possession of the forts in the harbor, and if attacked, you are to defend yourself to the last extremity. The smallness of your force will not per- mit you, perhaps, to occupy more than one of the three forts ; but an attack on, or an attempt to take possession of either of them, will be regarded as an act of hostility, and you may put your command into either of them which you deem most proper to increase its power of resistance.

ROBERT ANDERSON.

4 THIRD NEW HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT. [Aug. '61.

You are also authorized to take similar steps, whenever you have tangible evidence of a design to proceed to a hostile act.

D. P. BUTLEK,

Fort Moultrie, S. C, 11 Dec. 1860. Assistant Adjutant-General.

This is in conformity with my instructions to Major Buell.

John B. Floyd,

Secretary of War.

Note. — It is said that when Major Anderson surrendered the fort, the flag was cut up in small pieces and distributed to the garrison ; and that afterward, at a night attack on the fort by the Federals, a flag was cap- tured from the latter, which the rebels claim was the identical flag which had floated over Fort Sumter originally. This is de'nied. (See Army and Xavy Journal, 28 Nov., 5 Dec, 1863.)

The call had been made for troops. New Hampshire responded by her First Regiment. And here seems to be the place to briefly state that this was a three-month's regiment ; and its history, con- densed, is as follows : —

THP] FIRST NEW HAMPSHIRE.

THREE MONTHS.

The regiment encamped at (near) Concord, on the easterly side of the Merrimack river, on what was termed "The Plains," say a mile from the city. The regiment left Concord for the front 25 May 1861, and returned to Concord 5 Aug. 1861. The casualties were : —

Discharged before leaving Concord 3

for disability 13

" by general court-martial 2

Died . . . 7 4

Captured 5

Transferred to Second New Hampshire Volunteers . 1 Deserted 7

Total 35

The First Regiment was officially received and welcomed 8 Aug. 1861, by public demonstration, procession, etc.

THE SECOND NEW HAMPSHIRE.

THREE MONTHS VS. THREE YEARS.

This regiment was originally designed for three mouths' service ; but during its formation, it was changed to a three years' regiment. It was quartered at Portsmouth, in the old " rope- walk," or "bar- racks," at the southerly end of the city. The mustering-in began 31 May 1861, aud extended over several days, ending 8 June 1861. The regiment left Portsmouth for seat of war 22 June 1861, via Eastern Railroad to Boston, where a dinner was given them in Faneuil Hall. Their further history is accessible.

The reader is now rapidly nearing the Third New Hampshire, and naturally becoming a little nervous lest he be suddenly con- fronted with it; — but wait a little. The regiment is incubating,

Auf/. '61.'] THIRD NEW HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT. 5

and in different parts of the State. The writer has now to see that all the various parts are successfully brought to life and safely conducted by squads to the rendezvous, and there skillfully and lawfully converted into a regiment, whose brief designation is

"THE THIRD NEW HAMPSHIRE."

The camping place selected was on the easterly side of the Merrimack River, on the side farthest from and opposite the city of Concord, and quite near the bank of the river, on the "intervals," almost as level as a floor, and a beautiful spot, conveniently near the city. This camp existed several days without a name. Whether it suffered in consequence is a moot question. On the 11th of August a letter was dated thus : " Camp without a name," and says, " I was ordered into camp with my men on the 8th. — Ayer ! "

Of the arrivals in camp and assignment to companies, the writer examined the bills paid by the State for service, at $13 a month, from date of enlistment to date of arrival at rendezvous.

Co. D.ite of Arrival — Squads. Amount.

A . . August 13 $ -410.95

B . . " 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, U, 17, 23 . 471.30

C . . " 8, 10, 11, 13, U, 19, 20, 21 . 461.41

D . . " 16, 19, 21 1,183.86

E . . " 8, 10, 12, 15, 16, 19 ... . 419.53

E . . " 7, 8, 15, 19, 20, 22, 26 . . 386.21

G . . " 20, 21 561.30

H . . " 13, 20, 21, 22, 24, 25 .... 541.82

I . . " 20, 21, 23, 26 431.24

K . . " 20, 23 642.09

Baud . - 26 296.42

Total $5,806.13

Note 1. — The pay of Co. D was for about two mouths' time. (See Co. D.)

Note 2. — August 7, for Co. F, is a mistake on the records.

THE TEN-DOLLAR STATE BOUNTY.

This was a sort of gratuity, as the sum was so small it hardly deserved the dignified name of bounty. Later on, a bounty meant perhaps a thousand dollars. This ten-dollar bounty was distributed as follows : —

Co. A $1,010 Co. G $ 970

B 1,000 H 1,010

C 1,010 I 950

D 950 K 1,000

E 980 Band 250

F 1,010 C. S. and Q. M. S. . . . 20

Total 810,160

THIRD NEW HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT. [Aug. '61.

The authority for this disbursement was as follows : —

State of New Hampshire,

Executive Department, General Order No. 2 : Concord, 31 July 1861.

It is hereby ordered that a bounty of ten dollars ($10.00) be paid to each man who lias enlisted or who may hereafter enlist into the Third Regiment of New Hampshire Volunteers, or any other regiment or company, and who may be accepted and mustered into the service of the United States. Nathaniel S. Berry,

Anthony Colby, Governor.

Adjutant-General.

The vote of the Council authorizing the. above was 30th of July, 1861.

The writer has unwittingly been "arriving" his men at rendez- vous and paying them bounty ; but not a word about their board bills, which were S2.50 per week at the place of enlistment. The bills for the same, upon examination, appear incomplete, in this : that no bills appear for Companies A and C, though it may be fair to infer by their absence and a knowledge of certain facts that no board bill was incurred by those companies, they both being military organiz-ations (or partly so) , and probably did not leave their homes till the day of departure for Concord. The board bills found amount to over $2,500.

The railroad fares, stage fares, meals en route, the two dollars premium for each man recruited, etc., etc., must all be passed quickly over. The railroad charged two cents per mile. One spe- cial train from Concord to New Market Junction, 10 Aug. 1861, cost $154.90. The heaviest bills for the carrying of men were on the Concord & Portsmouth Railroad : one for $510 from New Market Junction, and another for $393 from Portsmouth ; the whole bill of the Concord & Portsmouth Railroad being $923.28. This bill proba- bly covered men of other regiments, say Second New Hampshire, and charged Third New Hampshire by mistake.

Having " arrived" the material for a regiment, let us see where they came from and what they were ; and we '11 take them by companies.

COMPANY A.

This company was partly composed of men from the Abbott Guard, a prominent military company of Manchester. ' Capt. Clark advertised in the Manchester Mirror of the 10th of August for recruits to fill up the Abbott Guard. Nearly every man in the company was recruited by Capt. Clark, in Manchester and its immediate vicinit}'. The company left Manchester for Concord the 13th of August, being filled to 101 that day and being tempora- rily designated as the "Second company of the Abbott Guard." They left on the afternoon train, were met at Concord by Co. C (previously arrived; see Co. C), Capt. Uonohoe, and escorted to the State House, where Capt. Clark reported to the Governor, and thence to camp.

Aurj. '61.1 THIRD NEW HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT. 7

This is the only company reported in this history arriving on one date, meaning that the company was full.

Being a military company and its commander possessing what is called a " military presence," the company made its mark at once. Again, its First Sergeant had been in the Regular Army, and his services in many ways were in great demand.

In the company were several prmters, who severed their pleasant and lucrative connections with the home press to take the sword. These printers were very useful in setting up the type and forms for the first and early editions of The Xew South, at Hilton Head. These printers proved valuable correspondents, and their letters from the seat of war were read with interest at home. They reached position and distinction ; and of this they will be treated in the appropriate place.

Companies A and E were at first the skirmish companies, being left and right companies in the line.

COMPANY B.

This company was recruited almost wholly at Exeter and New Market, chiefly by Capt. Wilbur and Lieut. Fogg.

The records show that the arrivals for this company occurred on eight different days (8th to 23d August). The company was somewhat unfortunate in its choice of Captain, as he was arrested at Hilton Head before we had seen much service, remained in arrest a long time, and was finally dishonorably discharged after trial. This untoward circumstance had a depressing effect upon the company itself, though by no means impairing its efficiency.

COMPANY C.

This company was almost wholly composed of Irishmen, and was recruited by Capt. Michael T. Donohoe and Lieut. Robert H. Allen, and nearly every man was from Manchester or its immediate vicinity.

The company went to Concord on the afternoon of the -Sth of August, with about 25 men. On the 10th, Lieut. R. H. Allen advertised in the Manchester Mirror for recruits to fill up Capt. Donohoe's company, and offered SlOO in money and 160 acres land when discharged.

The arrivals for this company covered eight different dates ; and it is fair to presume that Irishmen were selected for it as they arrived. It seems superfluous to state that this company was a fighting company.

COMPANY D. This company was recruited at Portsmouth and vicinity. As the location would indicate, the company had a large number of excellent boatmen ; and wherever and whenever such service w^as desired, Co. D o-ot the contract.

8 THIRD NEW HAMPSHIEE REGIMENT. [Aug. '61.

As it has a particularly interesting history, it was deemed wise to have one specially prepared by a person entirely familiar with the matter, as follows : —

Aug. 19, 1861, Capt. Charles F. Dunbar of Hampton, N. H., with his command, which consisted of two officers besides himself and forty-six men, reported at Camp Berry, Concord, N. H., for duty. They were known as the ' ' Winnacunnet Guards " of Hampton, who had offered their services to the Governor, in April, for three months, re-enlisted for three years in May, and had been stationed at Fort Constitution, Newcastle, N. H. They were the nucleus of Co. D. To them was added Lieut. Wm. H. Cornelius ' and thirty men from Portsmouth and vicinity, ten who had been enlisted at Seabrook by Titcomb, four Avho had enlisted at Bristol, and two who had been enlisted at Great Falls by G. W. Towle. This combination threw out Dunbar's Second Lieutenant, Amos J. Towle; and his First Sergeant, J. Warren Dow, was rejected for phj^sical disability ; but his number was made good by the enlist- ment of two belonging in Hampton. Four others also enlisted at Concord, one of whom (Daniel E. Plummer) was discharged by order of Court, being a minor.

The direction of affairs remained with Capt. Dunbar and his men ; but after the first year of service the spirit of discontent and uneasiness which existed in many companies had disappeared from D, and it is a question if there was anything but the closest of brotherly love, and all felt that belonging to Co. D meant some- thing.

The company was mustered into the United States service for three years, unless sooner discharged, Friday, Aug. 23, 1861, at Concord, N. H., by Maj. Seth Eastman, U. S. A. Sept. 3, 1861, the regiment left Concord, N. H., for the seat of war. Three men, (Sergt. Ezekiel C. Rand, Privates John H. Eaton and Wm. Horton) failed to report from furlough, and were afterwards dropped as deserters. Coming mostly from the sea-coast of New Hampshire, the greater part of them were accustomed to the ocean and at home with a boat and an oar. They were often detailed to do boat duty, and not a few of them were engaged in pulling an oar when the troops disembarked at Hilton Head, S. C, in November, 1861. Two of them ran a despatch boat from Hilton Head, S. C, to St. Helena Sound, S. C, in 1862, and the majority of General Gilmore's famous boat crew were D men. Their early practice and drill made them one of the best companies in the regiment.

Their position was third in line, until re-arrangement in October, 1863, when they were made the left company, and con- tinued as such until expiration of term of service. As the flank com- panies were armed with Spencer repeating carbines before the rest of the regiment, they were often called upon for special duty. May 13, 1864, they led the successful assault upon the enemy's right and rear at Drewry's Bluff, Va., where their loss of killed and wounded was greater than that of any other company. Of the 100 men upon the roll Sept. 3, 1861, the average age was 23 1-6 years; 48 were 21 years and under; 75 (or three-quarters of the company)

Anrj. '61.^ THIKD NEW HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT. 9

25 years and under; 17 were between 26 and 30 years, including both dates ; 8 were over thirty years ; and only one man over 40 years of age. After the resignation of Capt. Dunbar, Lieut. Wm. H. Maxwell of Co. H was commissioned as Captain of D, and remained in that capacity until his discharge.

Of the original company : Of the sergeants, one received a commission, two were discharged for disability, one killed in action, and the fifth never left Concord, N. H. ; of the corporals, five became sergeants (two receiving commissions), three were wounded (two dying from wounds), two were discharged for disability, one was taken prisoner of war, and one made wagoner ; the Wagoner was promoted to Regimental Quartermaster's Sergeant, and was after- wards commissioned ; a sergeant-major was appointed from the company, and was also commissioned, as well as another who was originally an enlisted man : making six members of the company who received commissions. There were issued in all, eighteen sergeant's and twenty-six corporal's warrants. Originally without musicians, two recruits, received May, 1862, were assigned as such. Thirty men re-enlisted in the regiment in 1864. Only one of the offi- cers was in service three years — Orreu M. Dearborn, and he was on detached duty, in the field, a greater portion of the time.

THE COMPANY

Consisted, Aug. 30, 1861, of 3 officers and 98 enlisted men. 34 Discharged for disability.

7 Died from disease.

1 Died wliile a prisoner of war.

8 Killed in action.

1 Missed in action.

G Died from wounds.

3 Dropped as deserters (failed to leave Concord, N.H.)

2 Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps.

1 Discharged by order of Court, at Concord, N.H. (a minor).

1 Resigned.

18 Discharged, expiration term of service, Aug. 23, ISG-t.

1 " " " " ■ Oct. 19, 1864. IS " " " " July 20, 1865.

101 Total. Re-enlisted, 30; captured, 4; wounded, 22; wounded twice, 5.

RECKUITS.

Joined company in 1862, 4 ; in 1863, 32 ; in 1864, 2 ; total, 38.

2 Discharged by special orders from Department of No. Carolina.

5 Discharged for disability.

10 Discharged at expiration term of service, July 20, 1865.

6 Killed in action.

1 Died of wounds.

2 Died in rebel prisons. 1 Missed in action.

1 Drowned.

2 Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps.

4 Deserted.

5 No discharges furnished : absent (sick) when regiment mus- tered out.

38 Total. Captured, 5 ; Avounded, 12 ; Avounded twice, 1 ; I'e-enlisted, 2 ; received promotion, 1.

10 THIRD NEW HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT. [Aug. '61.

3 original officers, 98 original enlisted men, 38 recruits.

39 Dischariied for disability.

7 Died from disease.

3 Died while prisoners of war.

13 Killed in action. 32 Re-enlisted.

2 Missed in action. 9 Captured." 7 Died from wounds. 34 Wounded.

1 Drowned. 10 Wounded more than once.

3 Dropped as deserters (failed to leave Concord, N.H., Sept.

3, 1861).

4 Deserters.

•1 Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps.

1 Discharged by order of Court, at Concord, N.H., Aug. 31, 1861.

2 Discharged by special order Department of North Carolina. 1 Resigned.

5 No discharges furnished: absent (sick) when regiment mus-

tered out. 18 Discharged expiration term of service. Aug. 23, 18G4. 1 " " " " Oct. 19, 1864.

28 " " " " July 20, 1865.

139 Total.

WM. LADD DODGE (1888).

COMPANY E.

The nucleus of this company was said to have been recruited at Milford, mostly by Norman Burdick of Milford, though several were recruited by Capt. Plimpton (say 32) ; and H. C. Tuttle was paid for recruiting 50 men.

The men were largely from Milford ; but the towns of Rindge, Mason, Dublin and others in immediate vicinity furnished a few each. Fifty men arrived at camp August 8, and 32 more on the 15th. The company was then filled up with small squads arriving at various dates.

Companies E and A were the skirmish companies. (See Co. A. )

COMPANY F. This company was almost wholly recruited at Nashua, by Capt. Randlett, who recruited 90 men ; and the balance were recruited at Claremout by Eli C. Marsh. Capt. Randlett and his recruits ar- rived at Concord August 16, and Eli C. Marsh arrived on the 19th with 24 men. The Manchester Jlirror says Randlett had 81 men. This would leave a surplus, and these were put in some other com- pany. Randlett drilled his men at Nashua, in the old Armory in the City Hall building.

COMPANY G.

This company was largely recruited by Capt. Wiggiu, of Ossi- pee, who induced 60 men to enlist. At Lancaster, H. O. Kent ob- tained 22 men. At Tamworth and other towns, Oliver P. Newcomb obtained 15 men. The first two squads arrived at Concord the 20th, aud the latter squad the 21st August. This Company was called, later on, "The Ossipee Zoo-Zoos."

Anr/. '01.] THIRD NEW HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT. H

COMPANY H.

This company was almost wholly recruited in Manchester, by Capt. Robert C. Dow ; and the basis was the military company called the " Amoskeag Rifles." Capt. Dow advertised in the 3fanchester Mirror oi the 9th of August, for recruits for the " Amoskeag Rifles," at SI 0 bounty.

The record shows he recruited 88 men. They went to Concord in the forenoon of August 20, and were escorted to the depot by the " State Guards."

COMPANY I.

This company was recruited largely by Fred. A. Barker, at and near Keene, Fitzwilliam, Richmond and surrounding towns.

Mr. Barker is credited with recruiting 45 men.

Capt. Ralph Carlton recruited 27 men at Rochester, Farmington and vicinity.

Henry W. Locke stands credited for 20 men.

Henry S. Dow is credited for 5 men recruited by him.

Locke's squad arrived the 20th, and Barker's squad the 21st, while Dow's squad arrived the 15th. Capt. Carlton's squad arrived on the 21st.

This Company later on was called " The Lamb-like I's." Cause unknown.

COMPANY K.

This company was recruited almost wholly at Dover, by Ira A. Moody, a citizen of that city. Nearly every man was of Dover or its vicinity. Capt. Littlefield and Lieut. Butterfield both assisted Mr. Moody and both drilled the men. Lieut. Miles (2d Lieut.) took no active part. Capt. Littlefield had served in the Mexican AVar (see personal sketch of him) , and was also in the State Militia.

The records give credit to Geo. W. Towle for 16 men, and to J. R. Bagley for 10 men; and the}' arrived at Concord before the main body of the company, namely: the 16 on the 22d, and the 10 on the 20th.

A squad of 7 from Lebanon (the writer was one) arrived the 19th, and were at first put into a blank company, next into Co. D, and finally into the Dover company on its arrival.

REMARKS ON THE COMPANIES. The work of equalizing the companies and adjusting all the mat- ters pertaining to a regimental organization, causing more or less confusion while in process, covered the time almost up to point of leaving for seat of war.

THE BAND.

All recruited by the leader, Gustavus W. Ingalls, and arriving on the 26th.

Having "arrived" the men, and adjusted them to and' by com- panies, they are now ready for muster-in by companies. This was done at the State House by a Regular Army officer, — Maj. Seth Eastman, Fifth U. S. Infantry. We were marched over by com-

12 THIRD NEW HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT. [Aw/. '61.

panics (say two or more companies in one day) ; and there we sol- emnly and severally swore, etc., and marched back to camp, feeling that we had outgrown the little State of New Hampshire, and noth- ing short of the United States as a whole would fit us. At the mus- ter each was obliged to successively take a step to the front, rapidly move about his legs and arms (to show he was not crippled), and then hold up his right hand to take the oath.

It would seem at first sight that this was the proper point to in- troduce the regiment to the reader; but wait a little, — just a little longer, — till the regiment is in shape to be introduced. The month of August, 1861, was full of interest to the Third New Hampshire, and any item of moment must not be omitted. We will take them chronologically ; and our first item is an indirect introduction to Gen. Sherman, whom we shall know more about later on.

Washington, D. C, 2 Aug. 1861. Brig. -Gen. Thomas W. Sherman:

You will proceed to New York immediately, and organize, in connec- tion with Capt. DnPont of tlie Navy, an expedition of 12,000 men. Its destination you and the naval commander will determine after you have sailed. You should sail at the earliest possible moment.

Thomas A. Scott,

Asst. Sec. of War. Approved : A. Lincoln.

The above will be news to many of the Third New Hampshire men ; but it is history.

On the 7th of August the Manchester Mirror says: "Hawkes Fearing did not accept the Colonelcy of the Third Regiment, on ac- count of his business engagements."

Again Gen . Sherman : —

War Department, Washington, D. C, 11 Aug. 1861. Brig. -Gen. Thos. W. Sherman :

Sir : You will proceed to the Capitals of the States of Connecticut, Rhode Island, Massachusetts, New Hampshire and Maine, and confer with the Governors of those States on the subject which I have verbally com- municated to you, and which is conveyed to the Governors also in the let- ters herewith placed in your hands, and which you are requested to deliver. You will then proceed to New York City, as heretofore instructed.

Tho.s. a. Scott, Asst. Sec. of War.

\_EnclosHre.'] War Department, Washington, D. C, 10 Aug. 1861. Gen. T. W. Sherman, having been charged with the preparation of an expedition to rendezvous on Long Island Sound, will on the part of this Department consult with you as to the troops which can earliest be made available for the service. Thos. A. Scott,

Asst. Sec. of War. To their Excellencies,

The Governors of Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Connecticut and Rhode Island.

And yet we knew nothing about this at the time. Shameful ! was n't it, boys, that we were not consulted?

Aug. '61.^ THIRD NEW HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT. 13

On the 13th, Col. Fellows, Lieut. -Col. Jacksou and Maj. Seth Eastman, U. S. Army, recommended to Gov. Berry that the Third New Hampshire be armed with the Enfield ritle. They were proba- bly appointed to consider and recommend.

On the 15th of August, Col. Fellows issued the first regimental order : —

General Order jVo. 1 :

Beginning tomorrow : Reveille, 5 a.m. ; breakfast, G a.m. ; guard mount, 8 a.m.; squad drill, 9 to 10.30 a.m.; dinner, 12 m. ; company drill, 3 P.M. ; dress parade, 5 p.m. ; supper, 6 p.m. ; tattoo. 9 p.m.; taps, 9.30 p.m.

Detail for tomorrow: Officer of the Day, Capt. Clark; Oflicer of the Guard, Lieut. Ayer ; Officer of Police, Lieut. Fogg.

The Manchester Mirror of the 15th of August says : — In camp today : —

From Manchester, . . Abbott Guard . . 95

" . . Irish Volunteers . 74:

" . . Carr's Recruits . 10

Exeter 09

Concord GO

Laconia, etc GO

Fisherville 13

Newport 5

Total .... 386

Fellows, Jackson and Bedel were all in camp. A flag was raised the 15th. The Laconia men arrived the 14th, in the after- noon, under Capt. Badger of Sanbornton Bridge.

15 Aug. : Stephen Love joy of Laconia attempted suicide, by cutting his throat with a razor, because he had been put on a short allowance of liquor.

On the 16th, Capt. Randlett arrived in the morning from Nashua with 81 men; and in the afternoon, Capt. Plimpton with 37 men from Milford. First dress parade on that day, with the Abbott Guard on the right. Cornelius with 35 men arrived from New Market (really Portsmouth) .

17 Aug. : It was authoritatively announced we were to have Enfield Rifles, costing S23.50 each and duties (see cost of arriving, etc.) We were using the old guns of the First Regiment.

18 Aug. : Private Lawrence of the Abbott Guard narrowly escaped drowning in the river, while bathing.

For the last few days, at dress parade, the drummers have been directed by James A. Farnham of Manchester (very smart and very small) . The probability is that Carr of Concord will be made Drum Major.

19 Aug.: A diary says: "Co. E was filled up today." A squad of 7 men from Lebanon, enlisted by N. H. Randlett.

20 Aug.: Capt. Dow (Co. H), before leaving Manchester, was presented with a purse of $25.00, presumably by his company.

Gen. Sherman again : Gen. Sherman reports to the Secretary of War that he has consulted the Governors of the States named, and finds they are animated with a commendable interest in the matter, and can probably have on Long Island by September 5 :

14 THIRD NEW HAMPSHIRE REGIIVIENT. [Aug. '61.

Maine, 3 regiments ; New Hampshire, 2 regiments ; Massachusetts, 5 regiments ; Rhode Island, 1 regiment ; Connecticut, 2 regiments — or, say 13,000 men.

Gen. Sherman then refers to recent orders which will divert a part of the forces to Washington, and says that the time set by the cabinet for the expedition to start is rapidly approaching and asks advice.

The Manchester Mirror of 20th said : The Third New Hamp- shire was to leave the next Tuesday (27th). That we were ready except overcoats. That the arrivals for the week Avere : From Hampton, 56 ; Claremont, 29 ; Manchester, 95 and 77 ; Ossipee, 62 ; Derry, 29; Portsmouth, 40. That the previous day (19th) was the greatest day for visitors, it being rumored that the regiment was to leave. The Manchester Cornet Band played at dress parade the 19th, which was the iirst band playing. This band serenaded several citizens in the evening, accompanied by several of the Third New Hampshire officers, and both were afterward entertained by Governor Berry, Hon. E. H. Rollins, Col. John H. George, Amos Hadley, Esq., and others.

20 Aug. : Col. Fellows issued General Order No. 2, slightly amending his No. 1, the principal changes being squad drill before breakfast, and a surgeon's call after guard mount.

21 Aug. : A diary says, " We mounted guard with loaded guns, tonight."

[Note. — The writer begs the indulgence of the reader while he intro- duces the (his) first reference to what is going on in rebeldoiu.]

21 Aug. : (Confederate) Brig. -Gen. R. S. Ripley is assigned to the Department of South Carolina and the coast defences of that State, and Brig. -Gen. J. B. Grayson is assigned to the Department of Middle and East Florida and the coast defences of that State.

On the same day it was said that all the hotels, bar-rooms and sheds were filled with people who were after commissions in the Third New Hampshire.

22 Aug. : John A. Kendall of Keene was drowned in the river today, while bathing.

Let us glance elsewhere for a moment to see what is transpiring of interest to the Third New Hampshire. On this day Commodore DuPont inspected the Alabama, Stars and Strijyes, and Aagasta, at New York, where they were being converted into war vessels ; and he reports that it was like altering a vest into a shirt.

At Philadelphia, the Tuscarora was launched, having been built in 58 days ; and her keel was on the stump just 70 days ago.

• 23 Aug. : After muster-in many of the men were given fur- loughs for a few days. The railroads carried them for half fare. Our band appeared for the first time.

24 Aug. : Adjt. Hill received an elegant sworel from friends in Portsmouth. Only three in hospital. Capt. Clark presented with valuable sword and belt.

27 Aug. : General Order No. 3 issued. No one to leave camp without pass. Some of the men got their belts and cartridge boxes today, also their rubber and woolen blankets.

Aug. '61.] THIRD NEW HxVMPSHIRE REGIMENT. 15

Again, Gen. Sherman : The Secretar}^ of War Avrote to Geu. Sherman, enclosing letter for Governors, and says, "You will observe substantially that Massachusetts will be required to seikl only three regiments, and New York '^rill be required to send three regiments.

[Endo.'^Hre.]

War Depautment, Washington, D. C, 27 Aug. 1861. Sir: This will be sent you by Gen. Sberman, U. S. Army, who has heretofore connnuuicated with yon on the project of concentrating in a camp of instruction a number of regiments of U. S. Volunteers. As late emergency may have somewhat interfered Avith this object, I have now to renew the request that you will put in regiments as soon as they can be prepared for service under the orders of Geu. Sherman, who will indicate the place of rendezvous. Simon Cameron,

Secretary of War.

Memo. — Maine, 3; New Hampshire, 2; Massachusetts, 3; Rhode Island, 1 ; Connecticut, 2 ; New York, 3.

An enclosure to Gov. Morgan of New York requested that he send three regiments to Fortress Monroe.

A letter of 27th said: "Only four companies are in uniform. The haversacks have arrived and are at the depot. The rifles — we don't know where they are. The uniforms are being fitted at the State House by Messrs. Cumner of Manchester and McFarland & Shaw of Concord. The uniforms are grey, and not blue as has been supposed."

28 Aug. : Company E got its uniforms before breakfast ; other companies later in the day. Knapsacks issued, too. The Adjutant's horse arrived. The companies have all been mustered in, and Col. Fellows has issued his General Order No. 4, which was printed and contained full lists of all officers of the regiment, the companies to which they belonged, their relative rank, the position and designation of the companies in the line, etc., also complete list of the non-com- missioned officers of each company.

The musters-in were as follows : —

Co. A 22 Aug. 1801 Co. H 23 Aug. 1861

1861 I 24 " 1861

1861 K 24 " 1861

1861 Band 26 " 1861

1861 Non-com. Staff . . 26 " 1861

1861 Field and Staft* . . 26 " 1861 1861

29 Aug. : A grand review in the forenoon. The Governor pre- sented us with our colors. Some of the men got their haversacks and canteens today. Enfield rifles issued (not quite enough to go around). Col. Jackson received the gift of a horse and equipments from friends in Portsmouth. Received orders to go to Washington on the morrow. We had our first battalion drill today.

30 Aug. : • Orders to go to Washington countermanded. We breathed a sigh of relief, though disappointed.

31 Aug. (Saturday) : Gov. Berry directed the Third New Hampshire to proceed to New York City Tuesday morning, 3 Sept., and report to Gen. Sherman.

. A . .	22
B . .	22
C . .	. . . 23
D . .	. . . 23
E . .	. . . 23
F . .	. . 23
G . .	. . 23

16 THIRD NEW HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT. [Ang. '61.

Col. Fellows issued General Order No. o, directing that com- pany and squad drill be dispensed with, and ordered an inspection on the morrow at 1» a.m., and a battalion drill at 4: p.m. (this was Sunday). Religious services to be held at 5 p.m., and dress parade at 6 P.M. The order referred to cleanliness iu person and clothing, and to the bathing facilities (in the river) .

31 Aug. (Confederate): "Gen. Ripley reports .... two trans- ports with troops off the bar, Charleston, yesterday, and today off Bull Island. Probably enemy from Hatteras, after destroying batteries. Have re-enforced Storrs heavily . . . ."

SUPPLKMEKT.

[Note. — The writer finds tliat lie can handle certain matters of interest in tlie form of a supplement better than in any other, the items being of such a nature as not to admit of weaving into a storj'. The supplements will naturally pertain to matters occurring in or belonging to the particular month. Eor this month of August, 1861, however, the matters treated will run backward somewhat, to gather them for leveling-up purposes; and thereafter the supplements will run smoothly. — D. E.]

IMPORTANT WAR DEPARTMENT ORDERS.

In April last the President directed all officers of the regular army to renew their oaths of allegiance ; and several were dismissed for refusing to comply.

In May the War Department directed that $2.. 50 per month should be allowed for clothing, in the volunteer service. This was modified later in the month by making it the same as for the regular army.

In May, also, a company of infantry was defined to be as follows : —

MINIMUM. MAXIMUM.

1 captain, 1 captain,

1 first lieutenant, 1 first lieutenant,

1 second lieutenant, 1 second lieutenant,

1 first sergeant, 1 first sergeant, 4 sergeants, 4 sergeants,

8 corporals, 8 corporals,

2 musicians, ' 2 musicians, 1 wagoner, 1 wagoner,

64 privates, 82 privates,

83 aggregate. 101 aggregate.

For a regiment of infantry it was defined to be : 1 colonel, 1 lieutenant-colonel, 1 major, 1 adjutant (a lieutenant), 1 regimental quartermaster, 1 assistant surgeon (but this latter was modified later in the month, by allowing 1 surgeon and 1 assistant surgeon) .

In June, the War Department ordered that all sutlers be there- after appointed by the Secretary of War. Also in June it was or- dered that nurses (women) shall not reside in camp, nor accompany regiments on the march ; but those who apply for service, and are

Gov. Nathaxikl S. Berky.

Anthony Colby,

Aajt.-Gen.

Allen Tennv, Sec. of State.

2^ ^•^ -L

^"^^^^m

Peter Sanborn, State Treas.

An;/, 'in.] THIRD NEW HAMPSHmE REGIMENT. 17

highly recommended by two phj^sicians and two clergymen of stand- ing, and will forward such certificate to Miss Dorothea L. Dix at Washington, will be given a certificate entitling them to service in any military hospital of the U. S. where such services are required. (In August, they were authorized to be paid forty cents a day and one ration.)

In June, it was also directed that all officers entitled to forage were entitled to the quantity allowed in a state of war.

In Jul}^, the War Department directed that in future no foreigner shall be mustered in who is unable to speak the English language. This was modified in August,. so that foreigners could be mustered into regiments speaking their own language ; and five days later the entire matter was revoked.

In July, the War Department directed that Chaplains should be mustered-in in the same manner as other commissioned officers.

In August, the War Department ordered that no volunteer offi- cer, who resigns, shall be again commissioned in another volunteer regiment.

In August, also, the required height of a recruit was reduced from 5 ft. 4 in. to 5 ft. 3 in.

Again, the War Department, in August, directed that officers could only be mustered as follows : When half of a company is mus- tered in, the first lieutenant; and when full, the captain and second lieutenant can be mustei'ed. When four companies, then the lieu- tenant-colonel ; Avhen six companies, the major ; when all, the colonel, chaplain, surgeon, assistant surgeon, adjutant and quartermaster.

The monthly return (actual date, 27th) shows: —

Field and Stafl' . . . Band Co. A	. . . — men, . . . 9(5 "	3 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3	officers.
B	. . . 98 "
c	. . . 98 "
D	. . 95 "
E . ...	. . 98 "
F	98 "
G	. 98 "
H I	... 97 " ... 94 "
K ;	... 97 "

997 37

NoTK. — This return contains several errors.

Each company had full complement of sergeants, corporals and wagoner ; but D and I had no musicians ; B had one, and the other companies two each. Co. G had no 2d lieutenant. Lieut. Handerson was absent at muster and was probably afterward mustered sepa- rately.

The return itself says: "Three officers with G, and 38 total officers ; " but it was a clerical mistake.

18

THIRD NEW HAMPSHIKE REGIMENT.

[Aug. '61.

MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS.

The Coufederate Army, on the 17 Aug. 1861, according to a New York paper of that date, was as follows: Total, 243,000, divided thus : —

Georgia . Louisiana Mississippi Texas . . Tennessee

22,000 14,000 18,000 9,000 25,000

South CaroUna .... 15,000 Missouri 22,000

Arliansas Alabama . , North Carol Virginia . Florida . . Maryland I^entucky

10,000

18,000

20,000

G5,000

3,000

1,000

1,000

There were also about '250,000 Home Guards ready for the

field.

SEPTKPvlBER, 1861.

'NSPECTION on the 1st; and a sad day for some of us; for the sun was verj' hot, and it was our first appear- ance full}' armed and equipped. Several fainted, and some were sunstruek. We had a sermon while formed in hollow square, and said by some to be a regular ^ abolition sermon. General Order No. 6, issued the 1st,

^^ ^ provided for the usual drills, etc., and then said: " To- *^ morrow evening (2d) all the men will be supplied with

two days' rations of such articles as they are now without, and wall have them all cooked, and in their haversacks before retiring."

This looked like business, and the bo3's hardl}^ knew whether to l»e solemn or gay ; so between the two we did n't make a good appearance. However, we cooked our rations on Monday eve, as directed, and went to bed late.

As we were so nearly ready to start toward the distant foe, it may be well to connect again and see what they were doing down where we were to go.

1st Sept. : Confederate Gen. Ripley, Charleston, reported the brig West Indian ran the blockade at earl}' morn, with 1,500 bags of coffee. Came near being lost by Avind going down. Chased in by U. S. blockaders.

We had twenty rounds of cartridges issued to us on the 2d of September, with the two days' rations. We had our usual drill that day ; but our minds were somewhere else, and we did not make a creditable appearance. Busy, very busy, packing up. Great many people in camp to see the boys. Extra guard — 120 in day and doubled at night, besides a picket line.

The eventful 3d of September arrived, and we were to start for the front (really for Long Island). We arose early (3 a.m.) and broke camp. Now breaking camp is a peculiar movement, or series of movements, requiring skill, patience and pluck. There are man}' things of man}' kinds to do. First, one feels like having his knap- sack packed and his haversack filled, likewise his canteen. These being done, they must all be laid together with scrupulous care, where one. knows just where they are, and are not in the way of some one else, who does n't object to falling right over them, and then say cuss words. Having laid aside your traps, you gracefully wait till all your tent-mates have done the same thing, and then you all take hold and take down your tent, carefully removing the pins which have held it down to the ground : and you roll the whole together, the tent pins and the tent poles being rolled

20 THIRD NEW HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT. \_Sept. '61.

within the tent. They must then be tied together with the tent ropes, taken to the company wagon, wherever it may be, and put on board. You then return to your pile of goods and pick them up one by one and adjust them to yoiir anatomy in the manner desig- nated by military law and the Revised Army Regulations, which you have not yet seen.

This being done, you and jj-our comrades are ready to fall in with the company, which has just begun to do that grand old act of falling in ; but just at that moment, you and a fellow tent-mate are directed to report to the hospital tent, or to the Commissary's tent to help load up medicine chests, or barrels of beef and pork, on the teams for transportation to the depot. There's no appeal — you've got to go ; and go you do. This necessitates, when you shall have arrived at the aforesaid place, the removing of all these various personal adornments of knapsacks, haversacks, guns, etc., and laying them in a pile again, where no team will run over them, and load those chests or those barrels.

By the time you have completed the job, and got yourself all out of sorts (and about one in a hundred will not do this), you hear the order of the Colonel to the regiment, which has been forming during this really brief period, to "Forward, march ! " and off they go. You and your companions fix yourselves up, and hasten on, catching up with the regiment, after about half a mile. Are you weary? Are you jaded with hurrying? Are you warm? "Yes, yes, yes ! " you say, and in a tone that means " Let me alone ! " and we '11 do so.

This first dose of breaking camp may be a lesson. It will occur again, but with variations. Perhaps you '11 be sent out to skirmish at the last moment ; perhaps you '11 be on picket and do n't know when you '11 be relieved, and yet knowing that your regiment or company is on the move. And so we might go on with the varia- tions ; but they are absolutely innumerable, and we desist.

We march to the depot, escorted by the Concord Zouaves, Capt. Summers, the Concord Serenade Band, besides our own band, which could hardly be called an escort. The three bands have bright and new uniforms. Did we step lightly that morn? Yes. Did we eat much breakfast? No.

We were in high glee that morn ; and well we might be. The surroundings were pleasant, the music of the three bands (which alternated in playing) was inspiring — " The Girl I Left Behind Me " thrilled us through and through ; and we felt as well satisfied with ourselves as we ever did in our lives, earlier or later. The citi- zens turned out in a body, meeting us ere we reached the station and accompanied us there. Deacon McFarland, the editor of the Neiv Hampshire Statesman., came over to camp and marched with us to the depot, where we were met by Governor Berry, Secretary of State Tenney, State Treasurer Sanborn and other officials. We were drawn up in line in front of the depot, to await the making up of our train. The citizens showered all sorts of eatables upon us, and treated us otherwise with a deal of attention. Everybody was

Sept. '01.']

THIRD NEW HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT.

21

excited (excited mostly with pleasure) with the proper amount of patriotism mixed in, aud cropping out, too, at intervals.

We are about ready to start ; but what is our condition, and of what value are we? Values are generally based upon cost. Let us. see what we have cost up to the 3d day of September : —

Recruiting ($2.00) Board Bills . . . . Pay ($13 per month) $10 bounties . . 09 horses . . . 22 wagons . . . Harnesses . . . Band instruments

Caps

Drawers ....

•S 2,000

2,500

.•),800

10,160

11,767

. 3,280

1,353

1,200

1,158

989

Sliirts 2,510

Cap letters 62

Blankets 3,611

Frock coats 6,052

Trousers 3,453

Overcoats 7,021

Shoes 1,488

Stoves 770

. 30

Haversacks . . . Knapsacks . . . Blouses ....

Socks

Rations .... Canteens ....

Tents

1,030 Enfield rifles Equipments ...... 4

50,000 Cartridges ....

One bill for transportation, by

Con., Man. & Law. R.R. 1 Hospital supplies .... One bill (transpoi'tation)

Boston, Con. & Mon. R.R. One bill (only)

Concord & Portsmouth R.R.

341

282 ,208 467 ,192 420 ,150 .149 ,148 362

,900 900

THE COST OF A REGIMENT.

To the larger bills, add for such items as straw, hay, oats, Avood, stationery, telegrams, express, pistols, swords, chests, freight, teaming, plates, spoons, knives, forks, dippers, camp-kettles, mess pans, axes, horse-shoeing, hatchets, shovels, drums, bean-pots, brands, soap, etc., and we have a grand total of over one hundred and twenty thousand dollars. On the basis of 1,000 men, each man and his outfit has cost $120.

Reader, having arranged that you shall be introduced to the Third New Hampshire at this point, will say : first, that here we are, "a thousand strong," in front of the station at Concord, young, buoyant, patriotic, in full and new uniforms, armed with the Enfield rifles, having 20 four-horse wagons and 1 two-horse wagon with our camp equipage ; a train standing ready for us, composed of 23 pas- senger and 29 baggage cars. And thus, having the regiment with all its trappings at its very best, we say: "Reader, the Third New Hampshire. The Third New" Hampshire, Reader. Shake ! " You are introduced now to as good (and as expensive) a regiment as ever left the North. We do not say we are better — it wouldn't be modest ; and if an}' soldier is discovered to be modest, he is known at once to be from New Hampshire. As to the expensive part, it Avas truly said : that the Third Regiment cost more to the square inch and had more horses and wagons to the square yard than any regi- ment that left the State.

On our march to the depot, we had more the appearance of an army corps than of a single regiment. Later in the war, an army corps did actually cover less ground and was lesser in almost every respect.

22 THIRD NEW HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT. [&^iL '61.

If the reader will accompan}', we Avill pass him free. We go ou board the waiting cars, amid huzzas, hand clapping, waving of flags, playing of bands, etc., and are off at quarter past eight for Long Island. Hon. Frederick Smj^th of Manchester (afterward Governor of New Hampshire) accompanied us as far as Hunter's Point.

And now that the regiment is where it can be examined, let us take notes as to what walks of life those men came from, and what their country or State. For the former we are indebted to the 3Iayi- chester 3Iirror^ which published the occupations 27 Feb. 1862 : —

450 farmers (nearly one-half of 30 manufacturers,

regiment). 27 painters,

69 laborers, 15 teamsters,

44 machinists, 16 clerks,

31 carpenters,

And the balance so diversified as to render it impracticable to insert it here.

The nativity was as follows : —

New Hampshire .... 626 ^Maine 70

Massachusetts 118 New York ;^1

Ireland 116 The rest scattering.

Vermont' 81

In censusing these men, we- have been careful not to count the 150 recruits for Second New Hampshire who accompanied us.

At Manchester and at Nashua we only slowed up a little, and were greeted with the plaudits of the assembled but disappointed crowds, and sped onward.

At Clinton, Mass., we stopped for half an hour ; and it may truthfully be said we enjoyed every moment of that half hour : for we were visited by apparently all the young ladies of thaf town. Wq really thought we had run into a female seminary. We swapped photographs and addresses, and had a good time generally, promised to write them — and off we went for Worcester, where upon arrival at the Junction we stopped about half an hour, and had a collation served us in the cars. This over and the State officers took their leave ; and off we were again, for Alljnr's Point, Conn., which we reached about G p.m., and boarded the steamers Connedicut and City of Xew York, during a heavy thunder shower. 'T was dismal enough. We "camped" where we could, each man winding himself around his gun and equipments, and using his knapsack for a pillow — and mattress, too. To say that it required a long time to embark would seem superfluous. The extraordinary time had to be paid for; and here again we remark that the Third Regiment was a costly one.

State of New Hampshire to Steamer Connecticut, for detention .$365.00

" 1,058 meals, 25 cents 264.50

" " " " " provisions not used 330.50

Total for Third New Hampshire Volunteers .... $960.00

It may truly be said that good things come high ! The reader must not be surprised to hear that a very lai:ge percentage of the

Sept. 'G2.] THIRD NEW HAMrSHIRE REGIMENT. 23

men were seasick. Such was the fact, as many a poor fellow can ■testify who never before had experienced those peculiarly pleasing sensations which invariably accompany seasickness.

HoAvever, despite the storm and the waves and the seasickness, we arrived next morning -i Sept. 18(31, at Hunter's Point, Long Island (near Brooklyn and New York City), and pulled up to the wharf about 8 o'clock. Here we staid, strolling in the vicinity, the band playing " Home, Sweet Home," till a train was made up, taking the major part of the regiment (about 10 a.ji.) to Mineola, a small village bordering on the town of Hempstead, about IS miles distant on the Long Island Railroad. The rest of the regiment and baggage and horses and wagons went on a later train. We Succeeded in getting our tents pitched for use, though irregularly. Re-pitched next day. Miueola as a village is somewhat insignificant as to size. From the main line of railroad a branch runs from Mineola to Hempstead, a nourishing and aristocratic town of considerable pre- tensions, and located about two miles away.

We arose bright and early on the 5th da}^ of September, 1861, and began camp life and routine, as in Concord.

Col. Fellows issued an order of that date (no number) and called the camp " Camp Sherman." In that order he saitl : —

This regiment behig the first to occupy this camp ground .... otlicrs soon to arrive .... it is hoped we Avili set a good example .... and become tlie model regiment of the command ....

Beginning tomorrow (Oth) : reveille, at 5; company drill, 5.30 to 7; brealcfast, 7; guard mount, 8; surgeon's call, 8.30; squad drill, 9 to 11; dinner, 12; company drill, 2 to 4 : battalion drill, 4.30; dress parade, 5.30; supper, G; tattoo, 9; taps, 9.30.

Orders of the above kind will not be repeated herein, except in cases where radical changes are made.

The 5th day of September was prett}^ well occupied in re- arranging our tents, in digging sinks, and getting ready to stay. The (ith was ushered in with ceremon}', and we began to comply with the order of exercises as shown above. On the 7th a diary says: "The Co. E boj's went to village (Mineola) and broke up a rum shop, destroying several casks of liquor." Another diary (same date) says : "All the field and staff horses in a barn." The Chaplain's diary (same date) says: "Had evening prayer meeting." Inasmuch as the Chaplain must be separately written about, it follows that it will be impracticable to separate him personally from any and all that pertains to religion and religious observances in the regiment. •

8 Sept. 1801 : The rebel Governor of Georgia asked the authorities at Richmond to increase his military force.

[Note. — There will appear from time to time in the work what may be termed rebel news ; but only such will be inserted as, in the writer's opinion, has some connection with the movement of the Third New Hampshire or of the force to Avhich it belongs. The connection in this case being, briefly stated, that the force concentrating at Hempstead Plains Avas for a special purpose — for an attack on some Southern port or point; and it appears that the Governor of Georgia snufled the battle from afar. Possibly the writer was mistaken. He gives it for what it Avas worth.]

24 THIED NEW HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT. [Sept. '61.

It is said we have uo colors of our own, but carr}^ tlie weather- stained flag of the returned First New Hampshire, the gift of the Sons of New Hampshire resident in New York. (New York Tribune.)

Of the regiment and its new camp at Mineola the New York Herald of 15 Sept. gave a good account. It said -. —

.... Hempstead Plains (or Flats, as it is called) is situated on the Long Island Railroad, about 18 miles from New York, and embraces a portion of land 18,000 acres in extent, and lies between old Hempstead Village and Hempstead Branch, Avhere the railroad branches oft' from the

mainline .... wells 20 feet deep .... water superior to Croton

Third New Hampshire .... fully supplied with everything appertaining to the use and comfort of the regiment. Tents, baggage Avagons and teams, ambulances and medical stores have been supplied in abundance; and if any of the men sufter for anything to which a soldier is privileged, it is their own fault.

T'he personnel of the regiment is composed of the very best men in the old Granite State. Among fhe privates are several independently rich men .... who steadily refused .... office. The officers are a very flue and intellectual set of gentlemen ....

OnThursday evening an interesting ceremony took place . . . . Hon.

Searing, late member of Congress, having presented the regiment, a few days previous, a tine tree for a flag statt" .... the ship riggers .... of the regiment made a mast of it ... . and placed it in position. Toward evening tlie Rev. Henry HiU (our Chaplain), .... pronounced evening service, which was an imposing affair. The entire regiment formed in a hollow square, facing inward .... officers in the center, and .... a number of ladies . .". . an improvised pulpit .... a snare drum on top of a base drum .... covered with the American flag .... He preached an excellent sermon, the band played a hymn, all joined in singing .... marched to flag stalf .... stars and stripes run up amid deafen- ing hurras .... cheers given for the flag, for Gen. Scott and for Gen. Viele, who was on the spot and spoke a few words by invitation.

The Eighth Maine is composed of good enough material, but is not yet disciplined to take the field — in fact, the men have yet to learn that they are soldiers .... Gen. Viele, however, promises to put these gents through a series of sprouts ....

Gen. Viele is determined that the men shall not sufter from rank poison, which some of the liquor dealers of Mineola (the adjacent village) sell .... for spirituous liquor. On Thursday evening .... three Eighth Maine .... intoxicated .... he sent patrol to demolish the contents of the remaining bottles ....

Dr. C. H. Crane, XT. S. A., of Brig.-Gen. Sherman's staft', visited the encampment yesterday (Saturday, 14th), to inspect the brigade, and ordered a re-inspection of the regiments. In the New Hampshire regiment, Maj. Eastman, the U. S. muste'i-ing officer at Concord, allowed some to pass, notwithstanding their physical unfitness, against the remonstrances of the doctor. The medical inspection wiU take place today or tomorrow. [At the moment this paper was issued the regiments were Avell on their way to Washington.]

Gen. Sherman .... headquarters .... Stevens House, this city. Brig.-Gen. Viele has not yet had his staft" assigned to him.

Then follows a complete roster of the officers of both regi- ments.

As an illustration of the uncertainty of "news," the following was a good sample. The Neio York Herald of Friday, G Sept., said: "The Third New Hampshire regiment left Concord on Tues- day (3d iust.), and may be expected here at an early hour this

MIWEOLA, L<,nji,u«i.

Pjrfmaiter IgSg - Lukt Fieri- , Start teil'ZS - LuKepIceV.

To HeMPfT6.AJ>

PARADE &ROUMD

ACRICULTURAL FAIR GROUND

((.alrl out since, u/d.^ ^^

I

Jo HEMP-»'TE/1D Xt.""1«^s

Sept. 'Gl.'] THIRD NEW HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT. 25

morning. They are to report at Gen. Sherman's camp of instruc- tion at Hempstead, where the ten New England regiments will assemble."

The same paper (of the 8th) stated that a telegraph office had been opened at Camp Sherman, Hempstead Branch, L. I.

[From time to time the movements of other regiments will be noted herein.]

The Third Rhode Island arrived at Fort Hamilton, New Yoi-k Harbor, on the <Sth of September. The Eighth Maine, the only other regiment arriving at Mineola (all reports to the contrary not- withstanding), arrived at Mineola on the evening of Thursday, 12 Sept., about 700 strong. They had Sibley tents, grey uniforms, regulation hats, 80 horses, 20 wagons, and to he armed with Enfield ritles.

The Nev) York Herald of the 10th of September stated that the camp had been named "Camp Winfield Scott," in honor of Lt.-Gen. Scott, by orders from War Department, and that Gen. Sherman had taken up his quarters at camp.

Thursday, 12 Sept., the press announced that six companies of Col. Serrell's New York Engineers had been mustered in and were in camp (near or in New York probabl}'). A diarj'^ says our camp faced the south and Hempstead, Avith the rear toward Mineola, and that the regiment had 214 tents up. The Xev: York Herald of the loth of September gave notice of the organization of the Forty- sixth and Forty-seventh New York regiments.

Of our stay at Mineola, not much additional can be written. Drill, drill, drill, every day. The usual camp scenes : of visitors of both sexes, of venders of fruits and vegetables, of receiving mail, etc., etc. An occasional visit to the pretty town of Hempstead, by detachments, accompanied by our band, which latter seemed to be the "open sesame" ever^'where, and also visits by our officers to the towu, all conspired to bring the townspeople and the Third New Hampshire into a condition of friendliness which resulted in their sending us a flag, of which an account will be written in its proper place.

On the 9th, Gen. Sherman issued his first formal order (No. 1), announcing his staff as follows : —

Maj. H. G. Wright, U. S. Engineers . . Chief Engineer.

Capt. John McNutt, U. S. Ovq\. . . . Chief Ordnance Officer.

Capt. Rufus Saxton, Q. M. D., U. S. A. Chief Quartermaster.

Capt. Michael R. Morgan, C.S., U. S. A. . Chief Commissary.

Lieut. Silas Crispin, U. S. Orel. ...

Asst. Surg. Chas. A. McCall, Med. Dept. U. S. A.

Lieut. Geo. Merrill Volunteer Aide.

Lieut. James Wagner " "

This order also directed that the camp should be called " Camp Winfield Scott;" and further, that Gen. Viele, having been assigned to duty with the command, would take post at the camp ; and furthur (the boys were interested in this), "Mr. Barr, having received the appointment of Sutler to the command, he will be received and acknowledged accordingly at Camp Winfield Scott and at the camp attached to this command at Fort Hamilton."

26 THIRD NEW HAMPSHIEE REGIMENT. ISept. '61.

On the 10th we were reviewed and inspected by Maj. Wright. On the 12th Gen. Viele issued his first order (No. 1), assuming command of camp and announcing the same routine, substantially, as had been ordered by Col. Fellows.

On the 11th it rained, and we had a short drill in the afternoon and no dress parade. That our men were bound to be cleanly was evidenced by the fact that ou the 12th a company went four miles to bathe ; and they didn't go in barouches.

13 Sept. 1861 : Confederate Gen. Grayson, at Fernandina, Fla., wrote his Secretary of War in great alarm and enclosed to him an anonymous circular.

That same 13th of September Gen. Sherman directed Capt. Saxton "to provide transportation in good, sound, safe steamers for fourteen regiments of infantry from New York for localities not named in the contract .... be ready to leave on 5th of October .... there will also be required transportation for 1,400 tons of ordnance and ordnance stores, commissary and quartermasters'

stores, horses, etc water for men and horses for 15 days

.... get two steamers ready by 1st of October if expedient."

On the 14th one Ambroses Jose Gonzales sent a plan of Edisto to Jeff Davis, and suggested how the island (and also Port Royal) might be protected and defended.

Perhaps the reader already tires of the Camp on the Plains : we will stir him up. Ou Saturday, 14 Sept. ISGl, in the forenoon, while on drill, and a part of the regiment away to bathe, an order came from Washington to get ready to proceed to that beleaguered ( ?) city at a moment's notice. "To Washington ! To Washington ! " was the cry. Everybody excited — hardly knew what to do first; but having been through the form (and fun) of breaking camp once, at Concord, and not under the special pressure of an impending fray, we were in better condition to cope with the new adversary. While on battalion drill in the afternoon, the order came to proceed at once, and we proceeded.

The order which stirred us so deeply was from Gen. Scott, and was, " Come here with all your command without delay, leaving the smallest guard necessary to protect your camp."

We got ready, and the cars having been backed down on the Hempstead Branch, about 9 in the evening, we boarded and started on our mission, i. e. to save ( !) Washington.

We were taken from Hunter's Point directly across to Jersey City in the steamer Kill- Von-KuU (that steamer still plied the waters of New York harbor in 1891), arriving at Jersey City about midnight, and started soon after in the cars for Philadelphia, via Camden. We reached Philadelphia about 9 o'clock the next (Sun- day) morning, startling the inhabitants of that peaceful village as they were getting ready for church. We were taken to the famous Cooper Shop Volunteer Refreshment Saloon, at lOOi) Otsego street, and there and then breakfasted, rested, Avrote letters, swapped addresses and photographs with the demure though pretty little Quakeresses, and had a pleasant time generall3^ In fact we quite forgot that we had got to save Washington at all hazards.

Sept. '61.]

THIRD NEW HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT.

The famous "Cooper Shop," as it was called for short, was originated by Wm. M. Cooper and a few other citizens of Philadel- phia, in April, 1861. The seating capacity was about 500. Those public-spirited citizens fed over 600,000 men, at a cost of about fif- teen cents per meal. It is said that Mr. Cooper was a sufferer, financially, by this gift, which he vainly hoped would be partially borne by the public, which really failed to respond to the degree de- sired by him and his associates.

THE FAMOUS "COOPER SHOP."

We were oft" for Baltimore, after a long delay, reaching that noted city about ha If -past six in the afternoon. Before reaching the city, nearly every man instinctively, and certainly without orders, loaded his gun. We had heard of the Massachusetts Sixth, and had heard of Baltimore. We had a hot and weary march through the city. We were not ' greeted with friendly cheers, neither was the American flag in everybody's hand and window. There was a sullen, significant silence which was almost felt, and in a sense was painful. To be sure, a few of our stragglers were spoken to in an unfriendly way ; but, so far as the writer was aware, no act of violence was of- fered. Again Ave were delayed. It must be understood that our sudden onward movement was too great a one to go forward rapidly. Transportation must be furnished : and in doing so, more or less confusion and delays were inevitable. We staid nearly all the time in and about the cars and depot, not many venturing far away.

At half-past nine we were oft' for Washington. It having been ascertained that the men's guns were loaded, and we so soon to ap- proach Washington, which had a line of guards, etc., completely en-

28 THIRD NEW HAMrSHIRE REGIMENT. [Sept. '61.

circling it, the order was given for the men to discharge their pieces in the air as soon as we had cleared the station. This they did, and the Baltimoreans for the moment thought we were firing into them ; for the assembled crowd 3'elled and started back as one man, and the rumor flew about the city that a fight was in progress. This was soon over, and we far awa}^ and slowly approaching the city we were to save : and save it we must, as Scott himself had said it.

At the Relay Station we took off our dress coats and put on' our blouses — can't say why. We reached Washington about one next morning (16th), and found the city to be yet in the hands of its friends, and that we should n't have to perform the arduous task of saving it. What a sigh of relief we all heaved ! Had this been heaved before the train stopped, one cannot really say what the re- sult might have been.

Soon after landing at the capital of our country, we were, at daylight, taken to the dining room of the Soldiers' Eest, where we had been housed since arrival. After viewing the edibles we heaved another sigh, but of a different variety. Hear what the Historian of the Sixth Connecticut says of the Soldiers' Rest : —

Three lona; tables, ruiming the length of the building, were piled up with chunks of half-boiled pork, which looked as if it had been cut from the hog, Avhen first killed ; for tlie bristles were long enough to lift up each piece by. A quantitj' of stale and musty bread and some very muddy coftee completed our bill of fare. We had not anticipated such a "re-treat" as this .' . . . we did retreat, however, and got our breakfast at the eating houses.

We were not favorably impressed with the capital of our coun- try. Geese and pigs roamed at will, in our vicinity at least. The streets were lined with pieces of marble for the yet unfinished Capi- tol. We staid around there, some of us lunching oft' the smell of cooked food, and stood in line and stood around loosely generally till about 4 p.m., apparently nobody's children. At that hour we were marched about two miles east of the Capitol and stopped at a place near a poor house and a grave yard. They have other names, which will be given later. We got our tents up and slept in them, too, that night.

How fared it with the other regiments that were to be our com- panions in arms? How and when did they get to Washington?

On the day of our arrival in Washington, Gen. Scott issued a General Order, calling the attention of all the troops to the Army Regulation requirement that all official communications must be sent through the proper military channels.

The New York Herald of 17 Sept. 18G1 (rather late) announced the sudden departure of the troops from Long Island, and said, "there are at least three distinct naval expeditions afoot."

17 Sept. 1861 was a rainy day; and during it we heard heavy firing toward Arlington, the first hostile guns we had heard. Our camp ground being somewhat flat, and the soil clayey and the rain heavy, many of us were " drowned out." Next day (18th) Presi-

Sept. '61.'] THIRD NEW HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT. 29

cleut Liucoln notified the Secretary of War that the joint expedition of the army and navy, agreed on some time since, was in nowise to be abandoned, but must be ready to move by fifst of or very early in October.

Drill was resumed — squad, company and battalion, as well as dress parade. To those who have always queried as to the disposi- tion of our magnificent outfit left by us at Long Island, the following will be very valuable and consoling. Gen. Sherman, on the 18th, ordered that —

The horses, harnesses and wagons belongin<r to the Third New Hamp- shire Vohmteers and Eighth Maine, and as much of the camp equipage as can at present be dispensed -with, will be turned over to Capt. R. Saxton, A. Q. M. at New York, who will receipt for the same and the rest of the public prop- erty at Camp Winfleld Scott as new. All private baggage will be forwarded to Washington without delay .... The officers and guard left at that camp will repair without delay, in charge of the baggage and public property named, to Washington .... Capt. Saxton Avill furnish the necessary trans- portation .... (additional). Any sick, unable to travel, will be sent to Fort Hamilton.

While at Washington we were permitted to visit the Capitol and city, going in squads and generally in charge of an officer. On the l'.»th, at dress parade and prayers, we were highly honored by the presence of the President.

On that day also, Gen. Sherman issued orders as follows : —

General Order No. 5 :

This command will for the present be divided into three brigades. First Brigade. Second Brigade. Third Brigade.

Brig.-Gen. Egbert L. Viele. Brig.-GenT Brig. -Gen. H. G. Wright.

Forty-sixth N.Y. Me. Conn.

Forty-seventh N.Y. Me. Conn.

Forty-eighth N.Y. N.H. * Mass.

Eighth Me. Mass. * Mass.

Third N.H. *Tlie first to arrive.

The Rhode Island regiment (Third) is reserved for special service and will be disposed of hereafter.

The blanks were left in the order because of the uncertainty. Several regiments were expected ; but just what their numbers would be was uncertain.

On the 2Uth, Gen. Sherman urged upon the troops, by an order, the necessity of drill and discipline, and that the flank companies be drilled as skirmishers. He also inspected our brigade the same day. It may be a relief to the reader to learn at this point that our camp was between the Almshouse and Jail and near the Congressional Cemetery, and also near the Eastern Branch of the Potomac — near enough, at least, to admit of our going there to bathe.

On the 25th occurred one of those very pleasant episodes which time does not efface from one's memorj'. It would appear that the ladies of the Methodist Episcopal Church at Hempstead (near our camp at Mineola) became so attached to the regiment during its very brief stay that they had formally voted to donate to us a silken flag ; but before its completion we had been spirited away. Determined

30 THIRD NEW HAMPSIIIKE IIEGIMEXT. iSept. '61.

uot to be deprived of the pleasure they had anticipated for them- selves in giving and we in receiving the gift, they appointed a committee of three- gentlemen, Rev. M. L. Scudder, Stewart Haff and S. N. Snedeker. (Mr. Snedeker was a Supervisor at Hemp- stead during the entire war. Mr. Scudder was the pastor of the Methodist Episcopal Church at Hempstead. 19 Oct. 1888, the writer and Capt.T. M. Jackson visited the old camp ground and Hempstead. Mr. Snedeker was still there.)

This committee had arranged that on the 25th the presentation should take place. As the ceremonies were being performed, how our hearts thrilled with emotion ! That e.very man vowed the flag should never be disgraced or captured, need uot here be said. It is recorded thus elsewhere. The New York Herald of 2Gth said : —

.... The band played the "Star Spangled Banner." Col. Fellows responded, and assured the committee that the colors Avould never be dis- honored. Tlie regiment then saluted the flag and gave three cheers and a " tiger," concluding with praj'er by Rev. M. L. Scudder of the committee. The ceremonies were witnessed by a large concourse of people.

The uncertainty of the arrival of troops at particular places was further illustrated by the despatch of Gov. Morgan of New York to the Secretary of War, on the 21st of September, from Albany. He said, substantially: "I have sent, the Forty-third, Forty-sixth, Forty-sev'enth, Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth and Fiftieth New York to Washington. The first three were for Sherman at Long Island, and the last three were for Gen. Wool at Fortress Monroe ; but all have been sent to Washington, by your order for all regiments to be sent at once."

On the 21st we had a grand inspection by Gen. Sherman. There was a heavy rain, and consequently no dress parade. Quar- termaster Nesmith went to New York for our baggage, etc. The New Jersey regiments near us marched off.

Our regimental baggage was started (22d) from Long Island. Our regiment was visited by a large number of the Second New Hampshire and by the President, and we had the usual Sunday in- spection. Gen. Viele issued an order on the 21st, referring to passes, drill, discipline, etc., and placed Lieuts. Robinson and Bates of the Eighth Maine in arrest. We have at this time got quite used to frequent, distant firings and to local long rolls.

We had an inspection of arms the 21st. Gov. Andrew of Massachusetts notified Gen. Sherman the 21st that the five regi- ments forming when he was in Massachusetts had been sent to the front; and the three next (then) forming {i.e., Twenty-second, Twenty-third and Twenty-fifth) rightfully belonged to Sherman, and he should have them.

Our camp equipage arrived on the 24th (at night) from Long Island. We had a general review of all arms during the afternoon. Gens. McClellan and McDowell and others present. On that day, too. Gen. Viele learned with surprise that the Forty-seventh New York had destroyed certain private property, and appointed a l3oard — Col. Jackson, Third New Hampshire; Maj. Floyd, Forty-

Sept. '61.] THIRD NEW HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT. 31

seventh New York; Maj. Beard, Forty-eighth New York — to assess the damages upon the regiment at large. ^Ye got our baggage ou the 25th, and we greatly rejoiced. For its necessities, a small lot of old tents had been issued to the regiment on its arrival at Wash- ington.

Ou the 25th the rebel Secretary of War informed Gen. Lawton at Savannah that he had heard the expedition was for (against) Brunswick, Ga.

The 26th day of September has the following items : The regi- ment was visited by a squad from Second New Hampshire, and its band. A sutler's tent was put up in our regiment. A medical examination of each man was begun. We had a sermon in the afternoon, it being a National Fast day. The President was again with us. As a diary shows a Co. E man examined today, it Avould appear that it was by companies, beginning on the right. On the 27th it was rainy, and Ave had only a morning drill. It was said that the rebels were within four and a half miles of Washington. How affectionately we looked at our guns ! Gen. Sherman (at New York) notified Capt. Saxton toda^- that the fourteen regiments would be in two divisions, — the first 8,000 and the second 5,000, — and must be so arranged as to be entirely separate if so desired. The Sutler opened his goods for sale on the 28th (Saturday), and we had inspection in the morning. There was also a very large fire in the cit}' at midnight.

Ou Sunday, the 2t)th, we had inspection, at which time the men had the Revised Regulations read to theui, concerning discipline, ftc. At 4 P.M. we had an excellent sermon by our Chaplain (after dress parade), and eight of our men (recent converts) were baptized. As if for an offset to this very impressive ceremony, but occurring prior to it, there was a row of some kind (presumably with the Sutler, though he had no right to keep open), resulting in four men being placed in durance vile (i. e., guard house).

Target shooting had become at this time one of our favorite pastimes.

Marching orders were received on the 30th, and forty rounds of ammunition issued. AVhere were we to go?

During our stay in AYashington, we kept more than one mem- ber of Cougress busy " franking " our letters. A soldier's letter was sent free if the autograph of a meiuber of Cougress was written upon its face. This was called "franking" a letter. This frank- ing was almost wholh^ done at the Capitol.

Note. — Confederate returns of 30 Sept. show : At Port Royal Harbor, 4 officers, 185 men; Fort Walker, 9 officers, 11)5 men; Braddock's Point, 4 officers, 53 men ; North and South Edisto Islands, 15 officers, 293 men; Sullivan's Island, 69 officers, 1,244 men; Fort Pulaski, 10 officers, 204 men; Brunswick, Ga., 32 officers, 477 men ; Tj'bee Island, 40 officers, 856 men ; (others not enumerated herein). Total present for duty: South Carolina, 249 officers, 4,336 men. Total present for duty : Georgia, 138 officers, 2,738 men. Only those present for duty are in the preceding figures.

32

THIRD NEW HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT. [Sept. '61.

WASHINGTON.

CoDgress moved to it 1799. Population, in ISGO, about 70,000 ; during the war, 250,000. The Capitol burned in 1814 by the British. Foundation for main structure laid 24 Mar. 1818. Corner stone for extension laid 4 July 1851. The dome cost $1,000,000; wings, $65,000 each. From floor of rotunda to inside dome, 180^ ft. ; to top of statue, 287^ ft. Capitol 951^ ft. long and covers 153,- 112 sq. ft. Corner stone of first Capitol laid 18 Sept. 1793, by Washington, with Masonic ceremonies. A 500 lb. ox was roasted whole. Cost of old Capitol, between two and three millions. A prize of $500 and a house lot (Avorth $75) was offered for design of Capitol. Dr. Wm. Thornton of West Indies won it.

SUPPLKIVLENT.

IMPORTANT WAR DEPARTMENT ORDERS.

An important order of the War Department in September, 1861, was the authorizing of the commanding officer at Hatteras Inlet, N. C, to recruit a regiment of North Carolinians.

Another was providing for allotment rolls, so called, whereby a soldier could assign a portion of his pay to his family to be drawn at (near) home. The following was the form : —

Allotment Rolls of We, the unclersigiied, etc.

No.	Name.	Rank.	Pay per month.	Amount ; Assigned to to be reserved. Name. | Address.	Signature.	Remarks.
/ (•ertifii, etc. Bated Cant. Cn

This measure was introduced into Congress, so it is said, by the Hon. Henry Wilson, Senator from Massachusetts.

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Gov. Joseph A. Gilmork.

Gov. Frederick Smyth.

Sept. 'Gl.^

THIRD NEW HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT.

33

The monthly returu, complete) : — Field and Statl' . .	Washington
Co. A . . .	. 98
B . .	. 98
C . .	. . 95
D .	. . 94
E .	97
F	97
G . .	9-t
H . .	97
I	94
K	.... 95

D. C, shows (very in-

- officers.

Present aggregate —

Aggregate last report .... — "

Gain : 3 by enlistment, and 2 by transfer. Loss : 1 discharged by civil authority (Co. D), and 2 discharged for disability (C and E) ; 29 men were reported sick (C and E none) ; 24 men reported absent sick (at Long Island, nearly, if not quite, all).

As an evidence of how some errors were made at the start, this return shows only two wagoners in the regiment (D and H) ; hut such was not the fact. They were erroneously classified with the privates. And on this return there were five men reported as "missing in action." To be sure, some of our men had acted badly at times ; but none had been in any "action" within the meaning of the war term. Further, A, D and I reported no musicians in this return.

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(34)

OCTOBKR, 1861

'XOTHER GRAND REVIEW on the 1st of October, and Gen. Viele issued an order on the same day for- Ijidding the sale of liquor in the Eighth Maine during the election of a Major in that regiment, which election (/^^J/^S) he also directed. Further, he said that " a sutler having K'iJiy^J'^ been appointed to Gen. Sherman's Division, he will be entitled to all the rights appertaining to that position." As if a sutler had more than one kiiovm right ! Our orders were countermanded on the 1st, and the usual target shoot and other drills, etc., took place, though for a change we had a brigade drill and an inspection. The Fourth New Hamp- shire boys visited us the 1st, and they also visited us in large numbers on the 2d, at which time the Chaplain prayed for them specially, after dress parade, though why is not apparent.

The Congressional Cemetery was a sad scene on the 2d, Maj.- Gen. Gibson being buried there. "We instinctively fell in, and forming in the rear of the solemn procession followed to the grave. Co. E (and presumably Co. A, too) began to drill today as skirmishers.

The Manchester Mirror of the 3d of October had a letter signed by 0. W. Sanborn, dated Washington, wherein he said: "Have spent the Sabbath with the Third New Hampshire — have seen its Sabbath School, heard the sermon, and seen the baptisms — nearly a dozen, in hollow square," etc.

Got orders the 3d to be ready to move ; and we packed up. The Chaplain's diary of that date said: "Washington is the Nation's depot for sin." The Chaplain always was a little facetious. Bright and early on the 4th Ave were moved to arise by the advent of the teams in camp, and we had our tents struck before daylight. The night scene was a beautiful one, the weather being pleasant. By half-past sis we were on the march to the depot, where we took train for Annapolis.

ANNAPOLIS.

We arrived at this ancient city about 3 p.m., and were at once quartered in the brick boarding houses of the U. S. Naval Academy, fronting the river, and facing a beautiful green lawn, called the "College Green." Our horses, etc., didn't arrive until next day. We were informally received on our arrival by the 21st Massachu- setts, already located there. When we were ushered into these

(35)

36 THIRD NEW HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT. [0(7. '61.

palatial quarters we were all smiles ; but we were glad enough to vacate them in a short time, as lying on the hard floors with only a blanket for mattress was truly hard; and as we emerged later we were also smiling, but it was of another sort. Other regiments arrived the 5th, and we had got into shape to have a dress parade and prayers, all of which the Twenty-first Massachusetts seemed to value as a great privilege to attend.

Gen. Sherman on the 5th made a re-assignmeut of regiments to brigades — the Ninth Maine and Fourth New Hampshire to the Third Brigade (to take places of the two Massachusetts regiments not arrived) ; and the Second Brigade to be Eighth Michigan, Fiftieth Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania Roundheads and the Massachusetts regiment daily expected in New York. The order continued by saying that Gen. Viele would continue the movement of his brigade to Annapolis, and all be ready to embark Thursday, the 10th. He further directed Gen. Wright to march (?) his command to Annapolis, also directed Hamilton's Battery to Annapolis ; and if no brigade commander was assigned to the Second Brigade before the morning of the 9th, that brigade would proceed to Annapolis under its Senior Colonel. Fifteen days' rations to be supplied. On the same day the Secretary of War directed Gen. Wool, at Fortress Monroe, to select one thousand active men from the fugitive contra- bands there to go with Gen. Sherman, and have them ready by the 15th of October.

Sunday (6th October), we had an inspection on the College Green, and it was rumored we were to leave the buildings on the morrow.

On the 7th we moved our aching bones, and our tents, to the bajiks of the Severn River, half a mile westerly from the Academy, where we set up our tents and laid down those aching bones in a rather sepulchral place, the spot being nothing less than an old graveyard, said to have been the "Washington Troops' Burying Ground." In the evening our officers and band called upon Gov. Hicks, by request.

Lieut. Maxwell was sent out during the day with a squad of armed men, to capture stragglers. Several were thus caught, and one of them was injured slightly by contact with Lieut. Maxwell's sword. Evidences of getting ready to go somewhere developed every day. Gen. Viele ordered on the 8th that previous orders should continue in force, except no battalion drill in the afternoon, passes to be required to leave camp, officers' servants not enlisted to be reported to his headquarters, and none to wear uniforms except soldiers.

On the 9th, the Fourth New Hampshire arrived from Washing- ton. The Seventh Connecticut had previously arrived. Gov. Hicks was introduced to our regiment on the 9th, on dress parade, and made a very patriotic speech to us, to which we replied by three cheers. The city was put under martial law on the 10th and Lieut. - Col. Jackson appointed Provost Marshal (see separate account of it). On same day, too, the rebel Gen. Grayson, at Savannah, was

Oct. '61.1 THIRD NEW HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT. 37

relieved by Gen. E. K. Smith. A diary said: "13th, Capt. Clark's company (A) came in from scout." (Probably they had been on picket the previous night. We hadn't learned at that early date the proper names for various military movements.)

The appointed time having passed for the expedition to sail, Gen. Sherman — in the meantime chafing almost like a madman and using an unlimited quantity of cuss words — evidentlj'^ got down to business on the 14th, and announced his staff, by an order, and here they are : —

Capt. Louis H. Pelouze, Fifteenth U. S. Inf. . Acting Assistant Adj. -Gen.

1st Lieut. Geo. Merrill, U. S. V Aide-de-Camp.

Capt. Rufns Saxton, A. Q. M., U. S. A. . . Cliief Quartermaster.

Capt. IMichael R. Morgan, C. S., tr. S. A. . . Chief Commissary.

Capt. Qnincv A. Gillraore, U. S. Engineers . Cliief Engineer.

Capt. Johu McNutt, O. D Cliief of Ordnance.

Surgeon Geo. E. Cooper, Med. Dept., U. S. A. Medical Director.

On the 14th, we find that Capt. Dow (Co. H) was on picket, and Capt. Dunbar was president of a general court-martial (five men to be tried) . At this point the writer finds the first mention of steamers. A diary of 14th said : " Eight steamers lay off here."

Before embarking we deem it essential to insert a few

ANNAPOLIS ITEMS.

On the day of our arrival at Annapolis, a slave woman had been hung for poisoning her master, and the gallows could be seen by us near the railroad.

The Fourth New Hampshire was camped about H miles from the Third New Hampshire.

Of the "cart-wheel" plan of the cit}^, it is said that Cxen. Washington, while on a visit there, became so struck with the advan- tages of it, that under his influence the cit}' of Washington was laid out on substantially the same plan.

The population in 1860 was 4,.520 ; in 1870, 5,744; in 1880, 6,642. It has many times been called a " Completed City." The Aunapolitans claim that the wonderful growth and importance of Baltimore had been a great drawback to their city.

It was here, on the 23d of December, 1783, that Washington surrendered to Congress his commission as General-in-Chief of the American Army.

The St. John's College charter dates 1784. During the war the buildings were used by the government for hospital purposes. The grounds occupy 26 acres. One of the branches fits young men for the Naval Academy, The large poplar tree standing in front is worthy of mention. It is said to ante-date Annapolis itself. It is about 30 feet in circumference at its base, and is about 150 feet high. Beneath its branches, Washington, Lafayette, Greene and others have been entei'tained.

The Naval Academy was founded in 1845, by the Secretarj' of the Navy, George Bancroft, and the academic routine began Octo- ber 10 of that year. The outbreak of the war caused its removal

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to Newport in May, 1861, and it was returuecl m the summer of 1865. The grounds were added to in 1847, 1853, 1866 and 1874, and in 1888 included fift}^ acres. Lack of space forbids a descrip- tion of the various buildings. All this and more may be found in a pamphlet entitled " A Hand-Book of Annapolis and the U. S. Naval Academy," published in 1888 by the Anne Arundel County His- torical Society.

A National Cemetery was established in 1862, and there were laid the remains of such soldiers as died in the military hospitals at Annapolis and at Camp Parole, near by. The cemetery is half a mile westerly from the city, is l)eautifully laid out and surrounded by a stone wall. Total buried, 2,482, of which 211 were unknown.

The first theatre in America was at Annapolis, in 1752.

The old iron cannon, half buried on State House hill, formed (200 years ago) a part of the armament of St. Mary's fort. It lay under water more than two centuries, and when discovered was thor- oughly encrusted with oysters.

Of the Academy, a private letter said : " It was instituted under Polk's administration. The j^ard contains nice avenues, trees and monuments. The houses are nearly new and very fine, but have suffered .badly from use as barracks by a rough soldiery — nothing gets any mercy at their hands."

Mrs. Judge Brewer, a loyal lady resident, visited the camp frequently, with delicacies for the sick, and endeared herself to those unfortunates.

Some of the countersigns at Annapolis were: Oct. 12, Shenan- doah; 13, Utah; 14, Washington; 15, Quebec; 16, Missouri.

A good story is told about the countersign " Shenandoah."' It would appear that Co. A. (and possibly others) were on picket out- side the camp grounds, and the hours were called thus, "12 o'clock, and all's well!" Just at this time, a Forty-seventh New York, (German) officer was going the grand rounds, being Officer of the Day ; and as his horse pranced up to the redoubtable private of Co. A, who bears the name of Sam George, this gallant Officer of the Day, w^ho was evidently a little "off" as to pure English, hoarsel}' whispered "Shinning up the Door!" Sam challenged him again and again, but with no better result, and wouldn't let him pass. That the German fired oft' some poor English it is needless to say ; but after awhile Capt. Clark, who was in command of the picket, was found, and matters set right.

During our stay tAvo men of one of the German regiments, either in trying to desert or to have a pleasure trip, got capsized and drowned in the Severn River, not far from our camp. Their bodies were recovered by oystermen, with oyster hooks, next day.

The Annapolis Gazette of. October 17 said: "Mrs. Yiele, the accomplished wife of Brig. -Gen. Viele, has forwarded from her home five beautiful flags for the five regiments of her husband's brigade. They Avere presented yesterday on the College Green with appropriate ceremonies. The presentation speeches were made by Gov. Hicks aud Brig. -Gen. Duryea, and responses by the colonels of the several regiments."

Oct. '61.-] THIRD NEW HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT. 41

In preparing for the embarkation of the troops, Gen. Sherman appointed Capt. Clark Harbor Master. ( See Capt. Clark's personal. )

Lient.-Col. Jackson was appointed Provost Marshal at Annap- olis, by Gen, Viele, October 11, with headquarters at the Assembly Rooms, State House. (See Col. Jackson's personal.)

Surgeon Cooper, U. S. A., in the "Medical and Surgical His- tory of the Rebellion," page 230, Vol. I., says he "Reported to Sherman at Annapolis, finding there the following troops : Eighth and Ninth Maine, Third and Fourth New Hampshire, Forty-sixth, Forty- seventh and Forty-eighth New York, Fiftieth and One Hundredth Pennsj'lvania, Eighth Michigan and Co. E. of the Third U. S. Light Artillery ; and prior to sailing, the Seventy-ninth New York joined. They were all full regiments, except the Forty-sixth New York, which had less than 500. Variola appeared in the Eighth Maine, before sailing ; and after sailing from Fort Monroe (on the Vander- hilt) the disease caused considerable alarm."

Gen. Sherman, evidently hopeful for an earlj' embarkation, — though the}' do say he continued to use strong language about the non- arrival of the expected steamers, — issued on the 15th an order giving instructions as to how to embark and how to behave on shipboard. The latter included precaution against fire, prohibiting any fancy cooking, such as frying meat or frying doughnuts in fat (this was a shot at our Yankee doughnuts, we fear), and fixing the allowance of water at nineteen gallons per day per man and three gallons per horse. We were visited the same day by three gentlemen from New

Hampshire — J. B. Eaton, Mr. Seaver and . A letter of the

16th said: " Eleven steamers in harbor ; " and that Gen. Sherman ordered the troops to be put in readiness to embark. It must be borne in mind at this point (and previously, too), that the reader of this is quite well informed as to the probable destination ; but the troops, it may be truthfully said, had no knowledge whatever on that point. Therefore we were speculatiug upon it. One diarj^ even suggested Philadelphia ! The expected order came on the 17th, for the embarkation to take place the 18th.

The reader may well say. Did the boys write manj^ letters at this time ? Yes, they did ; not only sending them off at once, but writing another and taking it aboard the steamer, to add a post- script something like this : —

On Board Ste.vmer Atlantic,

Bound for Somewhere, etc. 18 Oct. 1861.

Dear 3Iother : Though I wrote you yesterday, Avill add that our regi- ment embarked ou this steamer this forenoon. There are several steamers lying- here, taking on board the troops. God and Gen. Sherman only know where we are going ; and perhaps Gen. Sherman is n't sure. Some sky New Orleans, and some say Charleston. All sorts of rumors float through the air : and in trying to believe it all, is trying indeed to us poor soldiers. We shall soon start, — appearances indicate today or tomorrow, — so good- bye. We will try to do our duty, wherever it may be required ; and until you hear from me again believe me to be your loving and loyal son,

John.

P. S. (4 P.M.) : There is a mail just going ashore, and said to be our last chance. Good-bye again. John.

42 THIRD NEW HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT. [O'L '61.

Under the peculiarly embarrassing circumstances which sur- rounded Gen. Sherman, it must have tried him sorely. He assigned troops to steamers by orders, and we give the list here ; but it must be borne in mind that circumstances over which Gen. Sherman had no control conspired against him, and the troops did not sail in every instance in the steamer assigned, though very nearly so : —

First Brigade — Brig. -Gen. Egbert L. Viele.

Third New Hampshire Vokmteers . . . Steamer Atlantic. Forty-sixth New York " . . . . " Daniel Webster.

Forty-seventh New York " . . . . " Boanoke.

Forty-eighth New York " . . . . " Empire City.

Horses and wagons on steamers Belvidere and Philadelphia.

Second Brigade — Brig. -Gen. Isaac I. Stevens.

Pennsylvania Roundheads Steamer Ocean Queen.

Fiftieth Pennsylvania (five companies) . . " " "

Fiftieth Pennsylvania (Ave companies) . . " ^ Vanderhilt.

Eighth Michigan " "

Horses and w^agons on steamer Ben Deford.

Third Brigade — Brig. -Gen. Horatio G. Wright.

Fourth New Hampshire Steamer Baltic.

Sixth Connecticut " Coatzacoalcos.

(Some mistake or omission here.)

Horses and wagons on steamer Baltic, Hamilton's Light Battery . . . . . Steamer Ericsson. Battalion Volunteer Engineers (N.Y.), now at

Fort Monroe " Star of the South.

Third Rhode Island Artillery, now at Ft. Monroe, " Cahawba. Division Headquarters " Atlantic.

Division Headquarters' horses on steamer Ericsson.

Each brigade commander to select a steamer assigned to his brigade, for his own headquarters, and report it No sutler but the one ap- pointed by the Secretary of War will be recognized or received on board.

The writer is a day ahead of his story ; but the times were stir- ring, and this fact is offered as an apology to the reader. On the 17th, the Secretary of War asked Gen. Sherman if he wanted the Seventy-ninth New York Highlanders, in case Gen. McClellan would consent to spare them. Sherman replied affirmatively, but Gen. McClellan replied as follows : —

Camp Griffin, 17 Oct. 1861.

I gave Sherman all the regiments he asked for. At least two of those originally intended for him, and promised to me, have been diverted from me. The artillery promised me to replace Hamilton's Battery have not been given me. I Avill not consent to one other man being detached from this army for that expedition. I need far more than I now have to save this country, and cannot spare any disciplined regiment. Instead of dimin- ishing this army, true policy would dictate its immediate increase to a large extent. It is the task of the Army of the Potomac to decide the ques- tion at issue. No outside expedition can afl'ect the result. I hope I will not again be asked to detach anybody.

Evidently McClellan had no faith in our expedition, and did n't mean that the Army of the Potomac should share honors with any other.

Oct. '61.'] THIKD NEW HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT. 43

On the 18th of October Lincoln telegraphed Sherman: "Your despatch of yesterday received and shown to Gen. McClellau. I have promised him not to break his army here without his consent. I do not think I shall go to Annapolis."

Our marching orders were read on parade the 18th, and all passes from camp were stopped. We need not recite the movements incidental to packing up, striking tents, breaking camp, etc. The reader has been put in possession of at least one variety of such details. We embarked on the 18th, being taken to the steamer Atlantic by the smaller steamers Maijjiower and Massachusetts.

The regiment soon found itself on board and assigned to quar- ters. The bunks were " three deep " and about 1 ,200 in all, and were numbered. Our horses and wagons were still at the wharf awaiting transportation. These included officers' horses and hostlers and wagoners of the companies. They had a unique experience, to be given later on. Our otHcers had a little unpleasantness, on their arrival on board, with the occupants of the very best state-rooms, who proved to be correspondents of New York papers. Our officers contended that to themselves belonged the priority of right to select. As Capt. Saxton, the quartermaster, was at Fort Monroe, he could not be appealed to till arrival there. Then a change occurred, and the officers of the Third New Hampshire were happy. We were safely stowed away and made fairly comfortable in our bunks, but lay at anchor waiting for we knew not what. The 19th found us still off Annapolis, and the embarkation of troops still going on.

Our Colonel issued an order on the 19 th requiring daily two roll calls (at 10 a.m. and 4 p.m.), and requiring the band and field music (fife and drum) to practice an hour three times daily in good weather. We had another opportunity the 19th to send letters on shore.

The 20th still found us at anchor. It was Sunday, and we had a sermon. Our Chaplain notes the fact that he had promised to preach at Annapolis that day for another minister. Gen. Sher- man and staff came on board.

A paper published at Columbus, S. C. (20 Oct.), had a peculiar advertisement. A public-spirited citizen, owing to the poverty of the extremely poor, suggests the gift of meat, etc., to make soup to distribute. The advertisement read thus : "A Card — Soupery."

On the morning of the 21st the long-looked-for order was issued, and our boys readily assisted in weighing anchor, and we were oft' in a southerly direction. The day was fine and the scenery splendid, especially when coupled with the movement of a small fleet. As we have a fair start, let us go back to the horses and wagons and hostlers, etc., left on the wharf on the afternoon of the 18th. They staid and staid, and no notice was taken of them what- ever. They staid all night on the wharf, and in the rain, too. They continued to stay, like Casablanca, and the whole day of the 19th passed away and they 'd nothing to eat. In the evening they waited upon the Quartermaster of the Twenty-first Massachusetts, who got supper for them. They ate it. They had had no food for 30 hours.

44 THIRD NEW HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT. \_0ct.'61.

Auotlier night was passed on that wharf, and another day too. No breakfast or dinner had they on the 20th. At night, Capt. Clark of our regiment (Harbor Master) discovered their condition, and they were put on board the Belvidere, to which they had been assigned. They reached Fort Monroe shortly after the regiment did. The adventures of the Belvidere will be related separately.

To return to the regiment and the steamer Atlantic. We were running all right, when a fresh breeze sprung up and the sea became very rough, and we had sea-sickness and plenty of it. As Fort Monroe was our objective point (temporarily, at least), we steered for it, and when not far from it we struck a fog, and so dense our captain (Oliver M. Eldridge) decided to heave to and drop anchor. We remained thus all night, starting again next morning (22d) for P^ort Monroe, reaching it early in the forenoon, and anchored m the midst of what might be called a naval armada. Ships of war, ships of peace, big and little, steam and sail, large and small, were on every hand. But we were at Fort Monroe and the rendezvous. From this point the expedition was to sail, sooner or later.

PREPARATIONS FOR DEPARTURE.

The scenes of activity will hardly bear description. There were on the 22d about sixty-four vessels safely anchored off the fort ; and each seemed busy, not only within itself, but there were constant com- munications between, not only by row boats, but by signals and by the use of speaking trumpets. Several of the vessels have got to be supplied with coal, and with water, and with provisions. Boats go on shore to cai-ry mail, to carry officers and for various other purposes. Some regiments are put on shore for no other apparent reason than to stretch their legs. Troops already there, embarked. Among^them are the U. S. Volunteer Engineers, Col. Serrell (five companies) . Those men had not yet arrived at the dignity of being called a regiment, though they were called so later. They were designated as a Battalion at that time. Their special duty was to sap and mine, dig rifle pits and build fortifications. They rendered valuable service in the field of operations. In the matter of taking in water, coal, etc., our men furnished many details (squads).

On the 23d, Gen. Sherman issued his order containing instruc- tions about landing, etc., in our expected fray. The order (No. 19) announced that ' ' the command will sail in a few days for its desti- nation .... provides for sailing in three columns .... slow vessels to be towed .... gives instructions as to conduct in meeting the enemy .... disembarkation to be in three lines. .... First line., Gen. Wright's brigade, flanked by two sections of Hamilton's Battery, accompanied by a squad of sappers and miners and two companies of N. Y. Engineers, with a sufficient supply of intrenching tools and sandbags. The second line will be Stevens' Brigade, and if necessary, accompanied by a section of Hamilton's Battery and two field pieces, to be manned by a company of the Third Rhode Island. The third line (reserve) will be Yiele's

Oct. '01.] THIRD NEW HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT. 45

Brigade, the remaining part of Serrell's Volunteer P^ngiueers and the Third Rhode Island, and will be disposed of according to cir- cumstances .... the landing of the boats to be by command, abreast (surf-boats and lighters mentioned in the order). . . . The general officers and commanders of battalions will be furnished in

time with the place of descent, etc The first line .... if

opposed by greatly superior numbers, must manwuvre and perhaps

momentarily intrench The navy to furnish 300 sailors, to

assist in commanding and manning the surf -boats As soon

as a landing has been effected, the boats will report at once to the Chief Quartermaster for supplies .... the sick and inefficient men will remain on board .... until provision is made for them on

shore .... the inefficient to have charge of the sick All

medical officers, except one for each brigade, will laud with the

troops. Those afloat will have the care of all the sick afloat

This order will be promulgated by Gen. Viele to his brigade on the 25th."

Here was richness. We were going coasting, butM'here? On the 23d of October the Atlantic took in coal, and we signed our first pay-roll (outside the State of New Hampshire) . On the 24th we were paid oft". The amount paid a private in Co. D was 85.63, at rate of $11 per month from muster-in. We also got a mail the same day, our Chaplain going on shore for it. This mail consisted principally of letters addressed to us at Annapolis and forwarded from there. They were welcome epistles, though, as by them we were once more connected with our friends, and 'twas a great treat for us, not knowing how long the interval would be ere we should get another. On the 25th, Cos. B and D were detailed to shovel coal (loading steamers) and the same day our gunboats brought in some prizes. Ordered to pack up (not much packing to do) and be in readiness to start.

On the 26th a few — ver}'^ few — letters arrived, and our Major (Bedel) made a speech to the boys, full of patriotism and hope and cheer.

An unknown stole into the cabin of the Atlantic to see how it fared with the officers, and seizing a bill of fare, made his escape. Here is the bill of fare : —

Soup. Fish. Boiled.

Julien. Broiled Halibut. Corned Beef and Cabbage.

Roast Pork and Duck.

Calves Feet, Parslej^ Sauce.

Baked Pork and Beans.

Assorted Vegetables.

Ginger Pudding. Apple Pie. Cranberry Pie.

Fruit, Nuts.

" Ye Grods ! " ejaculated every man who covertly saw this bill. We leave the officers and the aforesaid bill to struggle with each other for supremacy, while we of the " 'tween decks" return to our peas on a trencher and our salt Jiorse a la mode.

The rebel signal officer at Norfolk notified his Secretary of War thus : —

46 THIED NEW HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT. [Oct. '61.

A Federal soldier's hat Avas picked up today at Col. Taylor's farm, near Willoughby's Point, three and one-half miles from Old Point. It con- tained two Boston papers, 19th and 21st inst the great expedition

.... to concentrate in Hampton Roads, and the transports are to repair to Annapolis and there embark a force of 25,000 men under Gen. Sherman. Several of the larger steamers are loaded with surf -boats .... expedition intended for Charleston and other places on the coast. At sundown the lookout reports over 100 sail of vessels in Roads. They are arriving and departing continually. Main part still at the Roads, and great activity prevails in the fleet. Capt. Jamks E. Muixigan.

Capt. Pelouze, of Gen. Sherman's staff, issued a circular letter the same day, calling attention to the unexpected delay, which he attributed wholly to the weather, and recommends cleanliness and economy of water, and directs all steam transports, while lying still, to condense as much water as is practicable. He suggested it possi- ble that some of the troops would stay on board twenty or thirty days. He made other suggestions as to clearing all obstructions to quick landing, after putting to sea.

The Wabash left New York for Fort Monroe the 19th October, with the Seneca^ Ottatva, Pembina, Unadilla and others. The last four named were built on a ninety-day contract and were called "ninety-day gunboats."

About noon of the 26th the expectant fleet was unnecessarily excited by the hoisting of the signal to start — the Union Jack at the Atlantic's fore ; but we waited in vain for any movement under it. It appears that an accompanying signal — a gun from the Wabash — was to have been fired. The Union Jack was hauled down about 4 P.M.

On the 26th, the rebel authorities created a new department of the "State of Georgia," and also of Middle and East Florida. Evidently they were getting ready to meet emergencies. Some of the sailing vessels were towed outside during the early evening to a better position to start from.

On the 27th, with his headquarters on the Wabash, Gen. Sherman ordered a muster to take place on the 30th. On the 27th Gen. Sherman notified Gen. Meigs (Q, M. G. at Washington) of the delay, and said he feared a failure of the water supply. Said the horses had already been on board some thirteen days, and the men a week. Though all were loaded with all the water they could carry, some were then reduced to a supply of nine days. He further said that Maj. Belger had been written to, and 200,000 gallons required of him at once ; and as the expedition would leave at first favorable opportunity, the Post Quartermaster would have sealed instructions for the water transports, directing to what point they should proceed. The resources at Fort Monroe (Gen. Wool in com- mand) were not at his disposal, even if they have more water than they want themselves. DuPont considers it unsafe, said he, to put to sea in this weather.

Here was a revelation : Gen. Wool apparently was not in sym- pathy with expedition. Several sailing vessels went to sea the 27th, and later information showed that some of them belonged to the expedition and were sent ahead for cogent reasons. "Very windy

Oct. '61.'] THIRD NEW HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT. 47

today — Sundaj^ ; " and, as the Chaplain expressed it iu his diary, " It was too rough to preach, and no chance for a praj^er meeting."

The wind on Sunday morning had increased to a gale, much to our disgust ; but by noon it appeared to have spent its force, and the weather cleared up. An English brig, iu attempting to leave, ran ashore and still remained there at night, though two tugs tried iu vain to pull her off. The rebels came down to the water's edge to look at her. We were getting impatient, though we saw evident signs daily of an early departure.

On the 28th, Gen. Wool, still in command at Fort Monroe, wrote the Secretary of War thus (extracts) : —

By special messenger I . . . . inform you .... the expedition .... is still "in Hampton Roads. Gen. Sherman lias been here since Tuesday last. To hasten his departure .... gave him supplies, among others, 850,000

rounds of cai'tridges This ammunition stored at bottom of ships

.... four days to get it out .... when I gave it ... . expected expedi- tion would sail at once. It is now nearly seven days, and fleet still in

port Am now furnishing ten days' rations to the soldiers ....

same reason as for ammunition. '. ... I will venture to assert that a worse managed expedition could not well be contrived. Every opportunity has been given the rebels to be prepared to meet them at any point on the coast. Among other opportunities Avas a desertion from the fleet : a petty oflScer [The party referred to, I And on inquiry, to have been jNIr. Hale, a young oflicer connected Avith the Navy, and I believe a relative of Secretary Welles, a native of Virginia. — D. E.] carried with him the signal book and, it is said, a knoAvledge of the destination of the expedition.

Gen. Wool concluded by asking for more ammunition, for small arms, and called attention to the garrison of Fort Monroe, saying he was defi- cient in artillerists, otflcers and men, and could not man more than ten guns.

By a return made the 28th of October, the entire force was as follows : —

PRESENT.
Officers.	M	en.	Aggregate.
For duty.	Total.	For duty.	Total.
26	26	25	25	51
185	192	3,682	3,796	3,988
137	141	3,015	3,196	3,337
147	153	3,574	3,747	3,900
61	62	1,242	1,315	1,377

Division Stafl* . . . First Brigade . . Second Brigade . . Third Brigade . . Troops not brigaded

Total ... 556 574 11,538 12,079 12,653

ORGANIZATION.

FiKST Brigade — Second Brigade — Third Brigade —

ViELE. . Steat:ns. Wright.

Third NcAv Hampshire. Eighth Michigan. Sixth Connecticut.

Eighth Maine. Seventy-ninth New York. Seventh Connecticut.

Forty-sixth New York. Fiftieth Pennsylvania. Ninth Maine. Forty-seventh NeAV York. One Hundredth Fourth New Hampshire

Forty-eighth NeAv York. Pennsylvania.

Not brigaded : First New York Engineers, Third Rhode Island, Battery E, Third United States Artillery.

Our regiment was very much elated over the fact that our steamer and ourselves were honored in more than one way. Gen. Sherman and Staff were to remain with us, and our steamer was to

48 ITHIRD NEW HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT. | \_Oct. '61.

take the lead of the other steamers and sail at the head of the column, following in the wake of the magnificent Wabash. The Atlantic, Gen. Sherman, Third New Hampshire ! The first effect of this information was to so swell us with pride that all other thoughts were for the time excluded, and it was a serious question whether if the enemy had appeared just then in any shape whatever, we would have had sense enough to fight at ail.

During the evening our steamer took in a liberal quantity of provisions. 'T was the night of the 28th of October. The next morning's sun will shine upon us for the last time in Hampton Roads.

At this point we furnish the reader with a complete list of the vessels composing the fleet, with all obtainable data concerning armament, capacity and cargoes.

THE FLEET.

Wabash. ' Comdr. C. R. P. Rodgers. Commodore S. F. DuPont on board, commanduig the naval forces. Arm. : 28 9-inch, 14 8-inch, 2 9-inch pivots: total, 44. Steam frigate, 3,200 tons. Built 1855.

Bienville. Comdr. Clias. Steedmau. Arm. : 8 32-poimders. Did not start with fleet from Fort Monroe; joined fleet 1 Nov. Sidewheel steamer. Purchased, $161,250. Augusta. Comdr. Enoch G. Par- rott. Arm. : 8 32-pounders. Sidewheel. Curlew. Acting Comdr. P. G. Wat- mough. Arm. : 6 32-pounders, 1 30-inch, rifled. Isaac Smith. Lieut. -Comdr. J. W. Nicholson. Arm. : 1 30-pouud- er, rifled. Screw steamer, 453 tons. Purchased, $50,000. diohican. Comdr. S. W. Godon. Arm. : 2 11-inch pivots, 4 32- pounders.

COMMODORE ■-. K. Dl'l'ONT. Ottava. Lieut. -Comdr. T. H. Stev-

ens. Arm. : 1 11-inch pivot, 1 22-pounder, rifled, 2 24-ponnder howitzers. Built for Government, $88,000. Screw steamer, 507 tons. Paivnee. Lieut.-Comdr. R. H. Wyman. Arm. : 8 9-inch pivots, 1 20-

pounder, rifled, 2 24-pounder howitzers. Pocahontas. Comdr. Percival Drayton (whose brother commanded at

Hilton Head). Arm. : 1 11-inch pivot, 4 32-pounders. Penquin. Lieut.-Comdr. F. A. Budd. Arm. : 4 32-pounders. Penibina. Lieut.-Comdr. J. P. Bankhead. Screw gunboat. Arm. : 1 11-inch pivot, 1 20-ponnder, rifled, 2 24-pounder howitzers. Built for Gov- ernment, $88,000. B. B. Forbes. Lieut.-Comdr. H. S. Newcomb. Arm. : 2 32-pounders

(fired 43 shells). 329 tons. Purchased, $52,500. Seminole. Comdr. John P. Gillis. Arm. : 1 12-inch pivot, 4 32-pounders. Seneca. Lieut.-Comdr. Daniel Ammen. Arm.: 1 11-inch pivot, 1 22- pounder, rifled, 2 24-pounder howitzers. Screw gunboat. Built for Government, $88,000.

Gen. Thomas W. Sherman.

Gkn. David Huntku.

Gen. Oimsby McK. Mitchel.

Gen. QriNCY A. Gillmoke.

Oct. '61.'] THIRD NEW HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT. 49

Mercury. A tugboat. 2 guns ; 187 tons.

Susquehanna. Capt. J. L. Lardner. Steam frigate. Arm. : 15 8-inch. (Did not sail with fleet from Fort Monroe. Was temporarily de- tached from blockading squadron oft' Charleston, and joined fleet at Port Royal.)

Alohama. Gunboat. Comdr. Ed. T. Nichols. Sidewheel. 8 guns; 1,261 tons. (The old Alabama was a ship of the line, of 80 guns ; built 1818 ; 2,(j3o tons.)

UnadiUa. Lieut. N. Collins. Screw gunboat. Built for Government, .$88,000.

Florida. Capt. J. R. Goldsboro. Gunboat.

Atlantic. Sidewheel steamer. Capt. Oliver M. Eldridge. Brig.-Gen. Thomas W. Sherman and staff, commanding the land forces. Third New Hampshire Regiment, Nevj York Herald correspondent (there were two — the other on the Matanzas).

Baltic. Sidewheel steamer. Fourth New Hampshire Volunteers. Horses and wagons of Third (Wright's) Brigade. Towed the Ocean Express. Had on board 40 cannon, 40 frames for buildings, Avheelbarrows, shovels, picks, etc., and large quantity heavy canvas.

Ericsson. Sidewheel steamer. Hamilton's Battery (Regulars). Horses

of Gen. Sherman and Stafl". Empire City. Sidewheel steamer. Forty-eighth New York (8 companies

only : the other 2 companies on the Matanzas) . Daniel Web»ter. Sidewheel steamer. Forty-sixth New York.

VanderhiJt. Sidewheel steamer. Fiftieth Pennsylvania, 5 companies (the

other 5 on Ocean Queen). Eighth Michigan. Seventy-ninth New York

Highlanders. Had camp and garrison equipage and quartermaster

and ordnance stores. Towed the Great Bepuhlic. Illinois. Sidewheel steamer. Towed the Golden Eagle (sail). Seventh

Connecticut. Ocean Queen. Sidewheel steamer. Towing the Zenas Coffin. Pennsyl- vania Roundhead Regiment. Fiftieth Pennsylvania (5 companies :

the other 5 on the Vanderhilt). Marion. Sidewheel steamer. Sixth Connecticut, 5 companies, right wing.

Left wing on the Parkershurg. Sixth Connecticut originally assigned

to Coatzacoalcos. Parkershurg. Sidewheel steamer. Sixth Connecticut, 5 companies, left

wing. Right Aving on the Marion. Belvidere. Sidewheel steamer. A part of the horses and wagons of First

(Viele's) Brigade. Lieut. Dunbar, Forty-eighth New York, in charge.

The others in the Philadelphia, chartered at Baltimore. Philadelphia. Screw steamer. A part of horses and wagons of First

(Viele's) Brigade. The others on the Belvidere. Matanzas. Capt. Leesburg. Sidewheel steamer. Forty-eighth New York,

Cos. B and K. The others on Empire City. (Correspondent New

York Herald on board. See Atlantic.) Boanoke. Capt. Conch. Laden with quartermaster's, commissary's and

ordnance stores. Sidewheel steamer. Forty-seventh New York.

Ariel. Capt. Terry. Sidewheel steamer. Eighth Maine.

Ben Deford. Capt. Hallett. SidcAvheel steamer. Horses and wagons of Second (Stevens') Brigade.

Cahawha. Capt. Baker. Sidewheel steamer. Third Rhode Island. Em- barked at Fortress Monroe.

Oriental. Capt. Tuzo. Sidewheel steamer. Gen. Viele and start" (origi- nally on the Empire City) .

Potomac. Capt. Hilliard. •

50 THIRD NEW HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT. [Oct. '61.

Star of the South. Capt. Kearnley. Siclewheel steamer. Battalion New York Volunteer Engineers. Embarked at Fortress Monroe.

Peerless. Sidewheel steamer (formerly ran on Lake Ontario). Ladeii with stores, 87 beeves, 20 men. Chartered at New York by Col. Tompkins, quartermaster.

Osceola. Capt. J. F. Morrill. Sidewheel steamer, built 1848. Joined fleet only a day or two prior to its sailing-. 39 beeves and commissary stores. Chartered at New York by Col. Tompkins, quartermaster.

Union. Sidewheel steamer. Capt. J. I. Sawin. Quartermaster's stores and horses. (A new steamer.)

Winfield Scott. Capt. Seldy. Sidewheel steamer. 500 of Fiftieth Penn- sylvania on board. Quartermaster's stores.

Ethan Allen. Ferry boat (sidewheel steamer).

Commodore Perry. Ferry boat (sidewheel steamer).

Locust Point. Capt. French. Stores. -402 tons.

Daylif/ht.

3Iaiiflover. Capt. Phillips. River steamer.

Young Hover. 418 tons. Purchased, §27,500. Propeller bark. 5 guns.

Coatzacoalcos. Capt. Bocock. Sidewheel steamer. Ninth Maine. (Sixth Connecticut originally assigned to this steamer.)

Governor. Capt. Litchfield. Chartered sidewheel steamer. 350 marines under John G. Reynolds.

0. 31. Pettit. Capt. A. S. Gardner. 165 tons. Sidewheel steamer. Pur- chased, $15,000. Tug. 2 guns.

Vixen. Small steam tug (Coast Survey). Capt. Boutelle and Prof . Bache. This did not start with the fleet from Fortress Monroe, but joined it next day. 2 guns.

Flag. U. S. steamer. Comdr. John Rodgers. (Comdr. Rodgers was on Du- Pont's stafl" temporarily.) 938 tons. Purchased, $90,000. Former name, Phineas Sprague. 9 guns. Screw.

Sabine. Capt. Ringgold. Sail sloop of war. Joined at (oif) Port Royal.

Vandalia. Comdr. F. S. Haggerty. Sail sloop of war. Arm. : 4 8-inch., 16 32-pounders. Temporarily detached from blockade, oft' Savannah. Arrived at Port Royal 5th Nov. (Did not sail from Fort Monroe with fleet.) Was sent ahead, with coal vessels, 28 Oct., to anchor ofl Savannah.

Ocean Express. Sailing ship. Towed by the Baltic.

Great Bepuhlic. A clipper sailing ship. Towed by the VanderhiU. Horses and forage.

Golden Eagle. Sailing ship. Towed by the Illinois.

Zenas Coffin. Sailing ship. Towed by the Ocean Queen.

SAILING OF THE EXPEDITION.

A little after five iu the morning, Tuesday, 29 Oct. 1861, the long delayed and much desired signal gun w^as fired from the Wabash, and the Union Jack run up to the Atlantic's fore. To say that we were up and upon deck would be too tame a statement. Our bodies were up, our spirits were up, our hats w^eut up, huzzas ascended, and all that. We very readily took a hand at weighing anchor, and we were off, sailing (steaming) seaward, who knows where? We instinctively cast a backward look, a loving glance, possibly our last one, toward the land and the scenes we were leav- ing behind. The last letter had perhaps been written home, to a loving mother, sister, or wife ; the tug had taken it ashore, and we

Oct. '61.^ THIRD NEW HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT. 51

were cut loose, to go where blood would be shed and lives sacrificed : but we Avent filled with a sense of duty, aud that proved a most powerful panacea. The sky was without a cloud — no better day could have been selected. Our steamer was nearly, if not quite, the last to weigh anchor. No attempt was apparently made during the forenoon to take prescribed positions in the grand procession. Dur- ing the afternoon, as nearly as could be, the various vessels took their positions. In that order the fleet covered about 12 miles each way.

On the same day the Neiv lork Herald correspondent (on the Matanzas) said he had heard the destination was Port Royal, S. C.

The form of the fleet plan was like a harrow or an inverted V : in other words, a double echelon. The Unadilla became disabled, or her machinery deranged, at the start, aud was towed for awhile by the R. B. Forbes.

Another account of the start says : " The order to sail was an- nounced at sunrise on Tuesday, the 29th of October, by a signal gun; and the fleet got under way about 5.30 a.m. It was a beau- tiful day, and the fleet presented an interesting sight. It started very nearly in three parallel lines and covered some ten or twelve miles. This order of moving could not be maintained, owing prin- cipallj^ to the various rates of speed of the several vessels."

It Avas said that on the da}' previous to the sailing of the fleet, some 25 coal schooners were sent to rendezvous at the mouth of the Savannah to deceive the Confederates.

Another account says : "3 war steamers, G sailing war vessels, 26 steam gunboats, 4 steam ferry boats, 30 steam transports, 6 sail- ing transports and about 27,000 troops."

The early morning of the 30th discovered the fleet in disorder, and the rising wind caused the smaller vessels to hug the shore in alarm.

On Thursday morning (31st) the wind had gone down, and it was a perfect calm, except a long swell on the sea. This proved to be a calm preceding a storm. As on the previous day, the fleet was spread over many miles, and some not in sight. A little before eleven the main body of the fleet, on the presumption that they had outsailed the others, hove to. At this time the Atlantic was sent in search of the missing ones and to lend aid if necessary. Sails were furled in the afternoon, on the fleet, so great was the calm ; but towards evening black clouds appeared and the wind began to rise, and so rapidly as to cause alarm.

On the 31st October the rebel government received the very pleasant ( ?) information that the (their) steamer Salvor had been captured near Key West, laden with arms.

52 THIRD NEW HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT. \_Oct. '61.

IMPORTANT WAE DEPARTMENT ORDERS.

The Department of the East was created October 1 , comprising the six New England States, under Gen. Butler, with headquarters at Boston.

A general order of the 23d provided for paying the families of prisoners of war : 1st, to those who shall present a written author- ity ; 2d, to wife ; 3d, to guardian of minor children ; 4th, to wid- owed mother.

Another general order, of the 26th, forbade the muster-iu of any more regimental bands, and directed the immediate discharge by the regimental commander of all members of bands who were not musicians..

Still another order, 26th, provided that when troops were trav- elling in disaffected parts of the country on trains, they should alight and walk across the bridges.

The Monthly Return shows (on steamer Atlantic) : —

Field and Stafl" — men, - officers.

Band — " -

Co. A 98 " 3

B 97 " 3

C 95 " 3

D 93 " 3

E 95 " 3

F 93 " 3

G 88 " 3

H 94 '• 3

I 89 " 3

K 89 " 3

Present aggregate .... 0,000 00

Aggregate last Report . . 0,000 00

Losses: By transfer — Field and Staff, 1; I, 1 ; K, 1. Discharged for disability at Annapolis and Fort Hamilton — A, 1; B, 2; C, 1; D, 1; E, 2; F, -i; G, G; H, 3; I, 2 ; K, 5 : total, 27 (see Jan. 1862 Supplement).

Gains: Enlisted in Co. A, 1 ; by transfer — Field and Staff, 3; B, 1. ABCDEFGHI K Totals. Sergeants . . . .555455545500 Corporals ....8888886 888 00

Present sick 20

Absent sick 17

For duty (men) 882

[Note. — The general appearance of this return shows a decided un- familiar ity with the subject, and the data of changes must not be relied upon as being correct. — D. E.]

It must be remembered that we were on board the Atlantic and on the Atlantic Ocean. One otHcer of B was reported sick, and that was Capt. Wilbur. The men left at Long Island, who were unable to rejoin at Washington, were sent to Fort Hamilton, to close up the camp at Mineola, and the greater part of them were discharged for disability. At Annapolis, when it became apparent that we were soon to embark, the several sick, not fit for service, were discharged.

NOVBIVIBER, 1861.

^^T was a little singular that on the 1 st day of November, jf while we were at sea, wholly lost to view from land, the Confederate Acting Secretary of War, J. P. Benjamin, telegraphed from Richmond to Gov. Pickens at Colum- bia, S. C, to Gen. Drayton, at Fort Walker, Hilton Head, Port Royal, S. C, and to Gen. Ripley at Charles- ton, S. C, as follows: "I have just received information which I consider reliable, that the enemy's expedition is intended for Port Royal."

The Bienville overtook the fleet on the 1st.

Incidents of 3d Nov. : The Empire City, having ten compa- nies Forty-eighth New York, came alongside the 3fatanzas, having the other two companies on board. The boys cheered and the band played. All seemed thankful for preservation from the storm. At sunrise the main fleet had only nineteen vessels, and only two war vessels — the Bienville and the Florida. The channel was found about noon, and during the latter part of the afternoon the fleet went in over the bar, except the heavy draft vessels. These latter were the Atlantic, Baltic, Wabash, Illinois and Oriental. There were missing, at nightfall, the Ocean Eagle, Zenas Coffin, Ocean Exiness, Great Rejniblic and other transports, besides several gun- boats.

The first gun of the (our) campaign was fired on the 3d, from the northerly fort, at our gunboats, about 5 p.m., to which thej' replied.

THE SEALED ORDERS.

The sealed orders, showing destination, were opened the 3d, it being considered that the circumstances required it. They were found to read as follows : —

Headquarters Expeditioxarv Corps,

Steamer Atlantic, 29 Oct. 1861. Sir : In the event of your transport being separated from the fleet, you will proceed to Port Royal, S. C, and report to the Brigadier-General to whose column your transport belongs, or officer there in command. Very respectfully, your obedient servant,

Louis H. Pelouze. Capt. Fifteenth U. S. Infantry, A. A. A. G.

Now that the secret, has become an open one, the account of Gen. Viele is worthy of insertion.

54 THIRD NEW HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT. [Xor. '61.

THE SELECTION OF PORT ROYAL.

Gen. Egbert L. Viele (see Magazine American History, Oct. 1885) says, substantially, that a council of war was held prior to sailing, in the inner cabin of DuPont, on the Wabash, and there were present Generals Sherman, Viele, Stevens, Wright, Commo- dores DuPont, Rodgers (J.), Rodgers (R.), and Davis. The meet- ing was for final instructions of the Government and to learn the destination. The outer door was securely fastened and a marine stationed several feet away, Avith strict orders to allow no listeners to approach. DuPont unfolded the document and read in a very low tone. The destination was Bull's Bay and Fernandina. Viele further says that he learned the destination a mouth prior, and DuPont admitted he had learned the same thing. "A woman in the case, probably," said Viele, "who probably obtained the points from some indiscreet cabinet oflficer." This conference held till nearly morning. Viele says that in the course of consultation he suggested Port Royal, and it was then thoroughly discussed ; but an adjournment was had without decision. They assembled again in the morning, and decided upon Port Royal. Sealed orders were then prepared for each vessel, not to be opened till out of sight of land. This decision was made known to the President at the last moment, notwithstanding which, Viele says, a dispatch was found at Fort Walker, from Jeff Davis, informing the com- mander of that fort that Port Royal had been selected. " Probably another woman in the case," says Viele.

Turning backward a little in history, we succeed in finding that in June, 1861, a special board was convened in Washington to investigate as to the possible points of attack on the Southern coast. The board consisted of Capt. S. F. DuPont, L^. S. N., Capt. Chas. H. Davis, U. S. N., Maj. John G. Barnard, U. S. Engineer Corps, and Prof. Alexander Bache of the U . S. Coast Survey. Precisely what they decided upon is not at hand, though it can be surmised.

On the 12th of October, 1861, a confidential order to

said: "In examining the various points upon the coast, it has been ascertained that Bull's Bay, St. Helena, Port Royal and Fer- nandina are each and all accessible and desirable points for the purpose indicated ; and the government has decided to take posses- sion of at least two of them. Which two shall be thus occupied will be committed to your discretion after obtaining the best information you can in regard to them."

On the 28th of July, 1861, a conference was held at Washing- ton, in the Navy Department, as to the probable point on the coast, etc. Present, Generals Scott, Totten, Meigs, Col. T. W, Sherman (our Sherman), Capt. H. G. Wright (our Wright) of the Engineer Department, and Col. Collum, Gen. Scott's aide.

Observe that Sherman's order to prepare the expedition was dated 2 Aug. 1861 (see his order).

We saw land on the 4th for the first time, and we, like Columbus, made a great ado about it. Gen. Sherman (temporarily

Nov. '61.]

THIRD NEW HAMPSHIEE REGIMENT.

55

on boaixl the Wabash , off Port Royal) , auuouuced in a circular the safe arrival of the fleet. He said he had "the unparalleled gratifica- tion to congratulate .... on our safe arrival Soldiers !

.... the eyes of your country are upon j^ou. She expects you to conquer .... be cool and determined .... act only at the com- mand of your officers, and be prompt to do so. Be not led away by ... . enthusiasms .... some of you have not had proper opportunities for instruction .... Soldiers ! you are contending

against an enemy who depre- ciates your manhood and iS?'^ who denies that ^ your prowess is equal to his. Belie this sen- timent, or you will dis- grace yourselves and your nativity."

A diary said: " At 4 p.m. only thirteen vessels here ; our gun- boats and the rebels are firing." The rebel commander at Wilmington, N. C, was authorized the 4th to send all the troops he could spare whenever Gov. Pickens notified him that South Carolina was attacked. Gen. Ripley, the rebel commander at Charleston, reported the enemy's fleet as concentrating between Tybee and Port Royal. Incidents of the 5th : The Ericsson came in and also grounded, and fears were entertained for her safety ; but she escaped injury. Gen. Sherman, together with Generals Viele, Stevens and Wright, — each with his staff accompanying, — went on a reconnojssance, in the little Mercury, early in the morning. The gunboats Ottawa., Penguin, Isaac Smitlt, Curleiv, Seneca and Peyn- hina had a little friendly (?) tilt with Tatnall's fleet, consisting of the Savannah (formerly the Everr/Iade), the Screamer, Lady Davis and one other, whose identity could not be made out.

The battery on Hilton Head fired its first shot the 5th, duriug the little tilt between Tatuall and our gunboats. Tatnall retreated after an hour's pleasure(?). The Pawnee arrived during the scrim-

56 THIRD NEW HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT. [Xor. '61.

mage, and about the time of its close sent several iron complimeuts (68-pounders) from her rifled guus into and over the Hilton Head battery. It was done so handsomely and in such an offhand manner that our boys were well pleased, and remarked that if they (the rebels) did not look sharp they would be served up on a spit for the Pawnee's lunch some bright morning. The Vandalia arrived under full sail ; and a noble-looking craft she was, with every stitch of canvas set and filled. Toward night the Wabask, Siisquehanna, and other war vessels started in to fire a few shots, but the grounding of the Wabash completely stopped the diversion. The southerly battery fired two shots in direction of fleet about sundown. But why do n't we go in? Are we waiting for the rebels to re-inforce, or are we waiting to be re-inforced ourselves by the missing portion of our fleet? Probably the latter.

The rebels were certainly putting themselves into shape to meet us, for on the 5th Gen. Robert E. Lee was assigned to command of a newly created department, consisting of the coasts of South Carolina, Georgia and East Florida. On the same day we were again paid off, for the months of September and October, the pri- vates receiving $26.

Incidents of the 6th : Evidently it was intended to attack on the 6th ;■ but a high wind prevailed,